斟

斟 U+659F, 斟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-659F
← 斞
[U+659E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 斠 →
[U+65A0]

Translingual

Han character

斟 (Kangxi radical 68, 斗+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿女卜十 (TVYJ), four-corner 44700, composition ⿰甚斗)

References
  • KangXi: page 478, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13517
  • Dae Jaweon: page 837, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2255, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+659F

Chinese

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 斟
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
湛 *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um
媅 *ʔl'uːm
黮 *l̥ʰuːmʔ, *l'uːmʔ
糂 *sluːmʔ
堪 *kʰluːm
戡 *kʰluːm, *ʔl'umʔ
嵁 *kʰluːm, *ŋɡluːm, *ŋɡluːmʔ, *sɡruːmʔ, *kʰruːm
歁 *kʰluːmʔ, *kʰluːb
勘 *kʰluːms
磡 *kʰuːms
墈 *kʰuːms
偡 *r'uːmʔ
碪 *ʔl'um
椹 *ʔl'um
揕 *ʔl'ums
踸 *l̥ʰumʔ
鍖 *l̥ʰumʔ
斟 *kljum
諶 *ɡljum
愖 *ɡljum
瘎 *ɡljum
煁 *ɡljum
甚 *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums
葚 *ɦljumʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kljum) : phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums) + semantic 斗 (“dipper; cup”).

Etymology 1
trad. 斟
simp. # 斟

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-(t/d)jam (“to fill, flat”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 斟
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 侵 (139)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職深切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕiɪm/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕim/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕjem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /cim/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕiəm/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕĭĕm/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕi̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhēn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zam1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 斟
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhēn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyim ›
Old
Chinese		 /*t.[q][ə]m/
English deliberate (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 斟
Reading # 1/1
No. 11291
Phonetic
component		 甚
Rime
group		 侵
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 斟
Old
Chinese		 /*kljum/

Definitions

斟

  1. to pour (a drink) into drinkware
    你可唔可以幫我斟杯茶啊？ [Cantonese, trad.]
    你可唔可以帮我斟杯茶啊？ [Cantonese, simp.]
    nei5 ho2 m4 ho2 ji5 bong1 ngo5 zam1 bui1 caa4 aa3? [Jyutping]
    Could you pour me a cup of tea?
  2. † (figurative) to consider; to deliberate

Compounds
  • 斟量
  • 斟酌損益／斟酌损益
  • 淺斟低唱／浅斟低唱
  • 淺斟低謳／浅斟低讴
  • 淺斟低酌／浅斟低酌
  • 滿斟／满斟
  • 自斟自飲／自斟自饮

Etymology 2
trad. 斟
simp. # 斟
alternative forms 漛
滕

Pronunciation

Definitions

斟

  1. (Hokkien) to pour (a drink) into drinkware
  2. (Xiamen, Quanzhou) to drink alcohol

References

Japanese

Kanji
斟

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings
  • On (unclassified): しん (shin)
  • Kun: くむ (kumu); くみかわす (kumikawasu)

Korean

Hanja

斟 (eum 짐 (jim))

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Vietnamese

Han character

斟: Hán Nôm readings: châm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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