曠野

Chinese

		waste; wilderness	field; plain; open space field; plain; open space; limit; boundary; rude; wild
trad. (曠野)		曠	野
simp. (旷野)		旷	野

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kuàngyě

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄤˋ ㄧㄝˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kwong³ je⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khóng-yâ
Min Nan (POJ): khòng-iá

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kuàngyě
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄤˋ ㄧㄝˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kuàngyě
  - Wade–Giles: kʻuang⁴-yeh³
  - Yale: kwàng-yě
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuanqyee
  - Palladius: куанъе (kuanʺje)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰwɑŋ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kwong³ je⁵
  - Yale: kwong yéh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kwong³ je⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: kuong³ yé⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɔːŋ³³ jɛː¹³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khóng-yâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: kong` ia´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kong³ ya¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰoŋ³¹ i̯a²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khóng-yâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: kong` (r)ia´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kong³ ya¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰoŋ³¹ (j)i̯a²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khòng-iá
  - Tâi-lô: khòng-iá
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qorng'iar
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ia⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ia⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ia⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ia⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ia⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: /kʰwɑŋ^H jia^X/

Rime
Character	曠	野
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	唐 (102)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	苦謗切	羊者切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰwɑŋ^H/	/jia^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰʷɑŋ^H/	/jia^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuɑŋ^H/	/ia^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwaŋ^H/	/jia^X/
Li Rong	/kʰuɑŋ^H/	/ia^X/
Wang Li	/kʰuɑŋ^H/	/jĭa^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰwɑŋ^H/	/i̯a^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuàng	yě
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kwong³	je⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k-m̥]ˤaŋ-s lAʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷaːŋs laːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	曠	野
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuàng	yě
Middle Chinese	‹ khwang^H ›	‹ yæ^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[k-m̥]ˁaŋ-s/	/*lAʔ/
English	desolate, waste	open country
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曠	野
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	5373	15722
Phonetic component	黄	予
Rime group	陽	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	曠	野
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷaːŋs/	/*laːʔ/

Noun

曠野

wilderness
- 匪兕匪虎，率彼曠野。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  匪兕匪虎，率彼旷野。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Fēi sì fēi hǔ, lǜ bǐ kuàngyě. [Pinyin]
  We are not rhinoceroses, we are not tigers, to be kept in these desolate wilds.

Synonyms

原野 (yuányě)
田野 (tiányě)
荒原 (huāngyuán)

荒漠 (huāngmò)
荒野 (huāngyě)
野田 (yětián) (literary)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (曠野):

→ Japanese: 広(こう)野(や) (kōya)
→ Korean: 광야(曠野) (gwang'ya)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
曠	野
こう Hyōgaiji	や Grade: 2
on’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 曠野 – see the following entry.

【広野こうや】

[noun] wilderness; field

Alternative spellings
曠野, 昿野

(This term, 曠野, is an alternative (dated) spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
曠	野

Noun

曠野 • (gwang'ya) (hangeul 광야)

Hanja form^? of 광야 (“wilderness”).

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