者
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Translingual
| Traditional | 者 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 者 |
| Japanese | 者 |
| Korean | 者 |
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Alternative forms
- In Korean hanja and occasionally in Japanese, an additional 丶 stroke is written at the bottom right corner of 耂 above 日, which is the historical form found in the Kangxi dictionary. In other regions, the additional 丶 stroke has been omitted.
- Three CJK compatibility ideographs exist for this character:
Han character
者 (Kangxi radical 125, 老+4, 8 strokes in Chinese and Japanese, 9 strokes in Korean, cangjie input 十大日 (JKA), four-corner 44600, composition ⿱耂日(GHTJV or U+FAB2) or ⿱⿸耂丶日(K or U+FA5B or U+2F97A))
Derived characters
Descendants
- 𛂥, 𛂦 (Japanese hentaigana)
References
- KangXi: page 961, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28852
- Dae Jaweon: page 1409, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2780, character 5
- Unihan data for U+8005
- Unihan data for U+FA5B
- Unihan data for U+FAB2
- Unihan data for U+2F97A
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
者 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 者 variant traditional form ⿱土⿸丿日 ⿱圡⿸丿日 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 者 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | Libian (compiled in Qing) | ||
| Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script |
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| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 觰 | *rtaːʔ, *rtaː |
| 諸 | *tjaː, *tja |
| 者 | *tjaːʔ |
| 堵 | *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ |
| 赭 | *tjaːʔ |
| 撦 | *l̥ʰjaːʔ |
| 扯 | *tʰjaːʔ |
| 闍 | *djaː, *taː |
| 奢 | *hljaː |
| 鍺 | *toːlʔ |
| 都 | *taː |
| 醏 | *taː |
| 覩 | *taːʔ |
| 睹 | *taːʔ |
| 暏 | *taːʔ |
| 賭 | *taːʔ |
| 帾 | *taːʔ |
| 楮 | *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 屠 | *daː, *da |
| 瘏 | *daː |
| 廜 | *daː |
| 鷵 | *daː |
| 緒 | *ljaʔ |
| 豬 | *ta |
| 猪 | *ta |
| 瀦 | *ta |
| 藸 | *ta, *da |
| 櫫 | *ta |
| 褚 | *taʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 著 | *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ |
| 箸 | *tas, *das |
| 儲 | *da |
| 躇 | *da |
| 櫧 | *tja |
| 藷 | *tja, *djas |
| 蠩 | *tja |
| 煮 | *tjaʔ |
| 渚 | *tjaʔ |
| 煑 | *tjaʔ |
| 陼 | *tjaʔ |
| 翥 | *tjas |
| 署 | *djas |
| 薯 | *djas |
| 曙 | *djas |
| 書 | *hlja |
| 暑 | *hjaʔ |
| 鐯 | *taɡ |
| 擆 | *taɡ |
| 櫡 | *taɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – a sugarcane with full leaves and stems, with a mouth under, the original character for either 煮 (OC *tjaʔ, “to boil”) or 蔗 (OC *tjaːɡs, “sugarcane”). Phonetically loaned for abstract meanings. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Top component 耂 is unrelated to 老 and 考.
The variant form with an additional 丶 stroke below 耂 is influenced by Shuowen, which considered 白 as the bottom component of 者.
Pronunciation
Definitions
者
- (Classical Chinese) Used at the end of a command.
- (Classical Chinese) Used after a term, to mark a pause before defining the term.
- (literary or regional) this
- (agent suffix) -er; -ist; one who ...; person involved in; the things which ...
- Used after a number, "before" 前 (qián), or "after" 後/后 (hòu) to refer to something mentioned previously.
- a surname: Zhe
Compounds
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Descendants
References
- “者”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03253
Japanese
| Shinjitai | 者 | |
| Kyūjitai [1] |
者 者or 者+ ︀? |
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| 者󠄁 者+ 󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
| 者󠄃 者+ 󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 者 |
| もの Grade: 3 |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 者 (kyūjitai) |
⟨mo2no2⟩ → /mono/
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720.[2] Theorized to derive from Proto-Japonic *mənə.
Cognate with 物 (mono, “thing”, physical as opposed to abstract).[2][3][4]
In ancient texts marked with pronunciation information, this character was always read as hito until around the late 800s, at which point the mono reading becomes prevalent.[2] The mono reading has historically often been used with mild pejorative overtones, as compared to the more neutral term 人 (hito).[2][3][4] This may suggest a broadening of the original “thing” sense for mono, which then was applied as a pejorative for a “person”.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 者 |
| しゃ Grade: 3 |
| on’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 者 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 者 (MC t͡ɕiaX).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɕa̠]
Suffix
者 • (-sha)
Derived terms
- 愛国者 (aikokusha): patriot
- 著者 (chosha): author
- 担当者 (tantōsha): person in charge
- 新聞記者 (shinbun kisha): journalist
- 忍者 (ninja): ninja
- 歯医者 (haisha): dentist
- 配偶者 (haigūsha): spouse
- 被害者 (higaisha): victim
- 作者 (sakusha): author; creator of a work
- 記者 (kisha): reporter; journalist
- 勇者 (yūsha): hero, brave person
- 愛読者 (aidokusha): avid reader, book lover
- 芸者 (geisha), 芸者 (geija): geisha
- 医者 (isha): doctor
- 学者 (gakusha): scholar
- 患者 (kanja): patient
- 利用者 (riyōsha): consumer
References
- “者”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia) (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Vietnamese
| Hán tự in this term |
|---|
| 者 |
Han character
者: Hán Việt readings: giả[1][2][3]
者: Nôm readings: trả[2][3][4], giả[1][2], giã[1][2], giở[1], rả[1], dở[2], dã[3]
References
- Nguyễn (2014).
- Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- Trần (2004).
- Hồ (1976).











