楝

See also: 棟

楝	U+695D, 楝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-695D

← 楜
[U+695C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

楞 →
[U+695E]

Translingual

Han character

楝 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 木木田火 (DDWF), four-corner 4599₆, composition ⿰木柬)

References

KangXi: page 540, character 7
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15148
Dae Jaweon: page 927, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1245, character 9
Unihan data for U+695D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		楝

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 楝
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (柬) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蘭	*ɡ·raːn
攔	*ɡ·raːn
欄	*ɡ·raːn
瀾	ɡ·raːn, ɡ·raːns
讕	ɡ·raːn, ɡ·raːnʔ, *ɡ·raːns
闌	*ɡ·raːn
韊	*ɡ·raːn
幱	*ɡ·raːn
籣	*ɡ·raːn
躝	*ɡ·raːn
爛	*ɡ·raːns
爤	*ɡ·raːns
鑭	*ɡ·raːns
糷	*ɡ·raːns
斕	*ɡ·reːn
揀	kreːnʔ, ɡ·reːns
柬	*kreːnʔ
暕	*kreːnʔ
諫	*kraːns
練	*ɡ·reːns
鍊	*ɡ·reːns
煉	*ɡ·reːns
楝	*ɡ·reːns
萰	*ɡ·reːns
堜	*ɡ·reːns
湅	*ɡ·reːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡ·reːns) : 木 + 柬.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): liàn (lian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˋ

(Chengdu, SP): nian⁴
Cantonese (Jyutping): lin⁶
Gan (Wiktionary): lien⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): lien

(Meixian, Guangdong): liên⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): lie³
Min Dong (BUC): liêng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): lēng / nūi / lěng / liān

(Teochew, Peng'im): noin⁷ / nai⁷ / liang⁷
Wu (Wiktionary): ³li
Xiang (Wiktionary): lienn⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: liàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: liàn
  - Wade–Giles: lien⁴
  - Yale: lyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liann
  - Palladius: лянь (ljanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ljɛn⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: nian⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lian
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niɛn²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lin⁶
  - Yale: lihn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lin⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: lin⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːn²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: lien⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liɛn¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lien
  - Hakka Romanization System: lien
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /li̯en⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: liên⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /liɛn⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: lie³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /lie⁴⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: liêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃iɛŋ²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Sanxia, Yilan, Tainan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lēng
  - Tâi-lô: līng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: leng
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan): /liɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /liɪŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nūi
  - Tâi-lô: nuī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nui
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /nuĩ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lěng
  - Tâi-lô: lǐng
  - IPA (Lukang): /liɪŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liān
  - Tâi-lô: liān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lien
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /liɛn²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛn⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /liɛn³³/

Note:

lēng/nūi/lěng - vernacular;
liān - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: noin⁷ / nai⁷ / liang⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nōiⁿ / nāi / liāng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nõĩ¹¹/, /nai¹¹/, /liaŋ¹¹/

Note:

noin7/nai7 - vernacular;
liang7 - literary.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ³li
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: lienn⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liẽ⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: /len^H/

Rime
Character	楝
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	郎甸切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/len^H/
Pan Wuyun	/len^H/
Shao Rongfen	/lɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɛn^H/
Li Rong	/len^H/
Wang Li	/lien^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/lien^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lin⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·reːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	楝
Reading #	1/1
No.	6144
Phonetic component	柬
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	練
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·reːns/

Definitions

楝

bead tree (Melia azedarach, formerly known as Melia japonica), a tree in the mahogany family

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 楝 (“bead tree”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		楝, 楝樹, 苦楝, 苦楝樹
Mandarin	Taiwan	苦楝, 苦楝樹, 楝樹, 苦苓
	Yantai (Muping)	苦楝子
	Jinan	苦楝子
	Luoyang	楝樹
	Xi'an	苦楝子樹
	Wuhan	楝樹
	Chengdu	苦楝子
	Guiyang	苦楝子
	Liuzhou	苦楝樹
	Xuzhou	楝棗子, 楝棗樹
	Yangzhou	楝樹, 苦楝樹
	Nanjing	楝樹, 苦楝樹, 苦楝
Cantonese	Guangzhou	森樹
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	苦楝
	Macau	苦楝
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	森樹
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	苦楝
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	苦楝樹
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	森樹
	Foshan	森樹
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	森樹
	Foshan (Shunde)	森樹
	Foshan (Sanshui)	森樹
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	古楝
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	森樹
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	苦楝樹
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	森樹
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	森樹
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	森樹
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	苦楝
	Taishan	苦楝
	Enping (Niujiang)	苦楝
	Heshan (Yayao)	苦楝
	Dongguan	火楝樹
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	火楝樹
	Qingyuan	森樹
	Fogang	苦楝, 森木
	Yingde (Hanguang)	苦楝樹
	Yangshan	苦楝樹
	Lianshan (Butian)	苦楝
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	苦楝
	Shaoguan	苦楝樹
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	苦楝樹
	Renhua	苦楝樹
	Lechang	苦楝樹
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	苦林森
	Sihui	苦楝樹
	Guangning	火楝樹
	Deqing	森木樹
	Huaiji	火楝杵
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	苦楝
	Yunfu	苦楝森
	Xinxing	苦楝森
	Luoding	苦楝
	Yunan (Pingtai)	禾鐮樹
	Xinyi	苦楝木
Gan	Nanchang	苦楝子樹
	Lichuan	苦楝樹
	Pingxiang	苦楝子樹
Hakka	Meixian	苦楝樹
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	苦楝樹
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	苦楝樹
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	苦楝樹
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	鴨仔樹
	Conghua (Lütian)	苦楝
	Yudu	苦楝樹, 麻風樹
	Ruijin	苦楝樹
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	苦楝樹, 苦楝
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	苦楝
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	苦楝樹, 苦楝
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	苦楝樹, 苦楝
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	苦楝樹, 苦楝
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	苦楝樹, 苦楝
Huizhou	Jixi	苦楝樹
Jin	Taiyuan	苦楝樹
Min Dong	Fuzhou	苦楝
Min Nan	Zhangzhou	楝少仔
	Taipei	苦楝
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	苦楝
	Kaohsiung	苦楝仔
	Yilan	苦楝
	Changhua (Lukang)	苦楝
	Taichung	苦楝仔
	Tainan	苦楝
	Hsinchu	苦楝仔
	Kinmen	苦楝
	Penghu (Magong)	苦楝
	Jieyang	苦楝
	Leizhou	苦楝樹
	Haikou	苦楝樹
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	森木
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	森木, 森木樹
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	苦楝根
Wu	Shanghai	楝樹
	Shanghai (Chongming)	楝樹
	Hangzhou	楝樹
	Ningbo	楝樹
	Wenzhou	苦楝樹
	Jinhua	楝樹
Xiang	Changsha	苦楝子樹

Compounds

白楝
苦楝 (kǔliàn)

苦楝子 (kǔliànzǐ)
楝樹／楝树 (liànshù)

楝花風／楝花风
苦楝樹／苦楝树 (kǔliànshù)

Japanese

Kanji

楝

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Japanese bead tree

Readings

Go-on: れん (ren)
Kan-on: れん (ren)
Kun: おうち (ouchi, 楝)

Korean

Hanja

楝 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen)

(멀구슬나무): bead tree, chinaberry, Melia azedarach

Vietnamese

Han character

楝: Hán Nôm readings: luyện, xoan

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