殘

See also: 残
殘 U+6B98, 殘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B98
← 殗
[U+6B97] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 殙 →
[U+6B99]

Translingual
Traditional 殘
Shinjitai 残
Simplified 残

Han character

殘 (Kangxi radical 78, 歹+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一弓戈戈 (MNII), four-corner 13253, composition ⿰歹戔)

Derived characters
  • 䉔, 𦺐, 𭼨, 𥂫

Descendants

References
  • KangXi: page 581, character 37
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16506
  • Dae Jaweon: page 974, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1389, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6B98

Chinese
trad. 殘
simp. 残
alternative forms 戔／戋
㱚
𠡡
𢾃

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (戔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
殘 *zlaːn, *zaːns
戔 *zlaːn
帴 *zlaːn, *saːns, *ʔslenʔ, *ʔsleːn, *sreːd
虥 *zreːn, *zreːn, *zreːnʔ, *zraːns
盞 *ʔsreːnʔ
醆 *ʔsreːnʔ, *ʔljenʔ
琖 *ʔsreːnʔ
剗 *sʰreːnʔ
棧 *zreːnʔ, *zraːns, *zrenʔ
輚 *zreːnʔ, *zraːns
嶘 *zreːnʔ
錢 *ʔslenʔ, *zlen
俴 *ʔslenʔ, *zlenʔ
籛 *ʔslenʔ, *ʔslens, *ʔsleːn
淺 *sʰlenʔ, *ʔsleːn
濺 *ʔsens, *ʔseːn
踐 *zlenʔ
諓 *zlenʔ, *zlens
餞 *zlenʔ, *zlens
賤 *zlens
綫 *slens
箋 *ʔsleːn
牋 *ʔsleːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zlaːn, *zaːns) : semantic 歹 (“vicious, bones”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn) – to viciously harm, injure.

Semantic was originally 歺, but was simplified to 歹.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chhân - vernacular;
  • chôaⁿ - vernacular, trace of saliva;
  • chân - literary.
Rime
Character 殘
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 昨干切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡zɑn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡zɑn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡zɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡zan/
Li
Rong		 /d͡zɑn/
Wang
Li		 /d͡zɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /d͡zʱɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 cán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 caan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 殘
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 cán
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzan ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[dz]ˁa[n]/
English damage; hurt; cruel

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 殘 殘
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 5978 5981
Phonetic
component		 戔 戔
Rime
group		 元 元
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 殘
Old
Chinese		 /*zlaːn/ /*zaːns/
Notes 徂由祖校改歹原從月

Definitions

殘

  1. to damage; to destroy
  2. to kill; to injure
  3. to be left; to remain
  4. severe; cruel; brutal
  5. incomplete; fragmentary
  6. remaining; leftover
    殘冬／残冬  ―  cándōng  ―  end of winter
  7. (Min Nan) trace of saliva (on an object)
  8. (Cantonese, of a person) old-looking

Synonyms
  • (cruel):
Synonyms of 殘

Compounds
Derived terms from 殘

Japanese

Shinjitai

 残

Kyūjitai

 殘

Kanji
殘

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 残)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Korean

Hanja

殘 • (jan) (hangeul 잔, revised jan, McCune–Reischauer chan, Yale can)

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Vietnamese

Han character

殘: Hán Nôm readings: tàn

  • 殘疾 tàn tật
  • 殘杯 tàn bôi
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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