祖

祖 U+7956, 祖
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7956
← 祕
[U+7955] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 祗 →
[U+7957]

祖 U+FA50, 祖
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA50
← 祐
[U+FA4F] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 祝 →
[U+FA51]
祖 U+2F953, 祖
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F953
← 𥘦
[U+2F952] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 𥚚 →
[U+2F954]

Translingual

Han character

祖 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈火月一 (IFBM), four-corner 37210, composition ⿰礻且(GHTJV) or ⿰示且(K))

References

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 祖

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 祖
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (且) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
虘 *zaːl, *zaː
蔖 *zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ
摣 *rnaː, *ʔsraː
袓 *ʔsjaː, *zaʔ
怚 *ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ
罝 *ʔsjaː
謯 *ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ
姐 *ʔsjaːʔ
抯 *ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː
飷 *ʔsjaːʔ
且 *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa
趄 *sʰjaːs, *sʰa
笡 *sʰjaːs
查 *ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː
柤 *ʔsraː
樝 *ʔsraː
皻 *ʔsraː
渣 *ʔsraː
楂 *zraː
苴 *zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa
駔 *ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ
租 *ʔsaː
蒩 *ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa
祖 *ʔsaːʔ
組 *ʔsaːʔ
珇 *ʔsaːʔ
靻 *ʔsaːʔ
粗 *sʰaː, *zaːʔ
徂 *zaː
殂 *zaː
麆 *zaːʔ, *zras
伹 *zaːʔ, *sʰa
蛆 *ʔsa, *sʰa
沮 *ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra
咀 *ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ
疽 *sʰa
雎 *sʰa
狙 *sʰa, *sʰas
岨 *sʰa
砠 *sʰa
坥 *sʰa, *sʰas
刞 *sʰas
覰 *sʰas
覷 *sʰas
跙 *zaʔ
筯 *das
菹 *ʔsra
葅 *ʔsra
阻 *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
俎 *ʔsraʔ
詛 *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
鉏 *zra, *zraʔ
豠 *zra
鋤 *zra
耡 *zra, *zras
齟 *zraʔ
助 *zras

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsaːʔ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa). Specialization of 且. See there for more.

Etymology

Compare with Rakhine အဇူအဇာ (“ancestors, forefathers”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 祖
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 則古切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡suoX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡suoX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡soX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sɔX/
Li
Rong		 /t͡soX/
Wang
Li		 /t͡suX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡suoX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zou2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 祖
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsuX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ts]ˁaʔ/
English ancestor

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 祖
Reading # 1/1
No. 10398
Phonetic
component		 且
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 祖
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔsaːʔ/

Definitions

祖

  1. ancestor; forebear; forefather
  2. grandparent; grandfather or grandmother
  3. founder
  4. (literary) to follow the example of; to pattern after
  5. a surname. Zu
    祖沖之／祖冲之  ―  Zǔ Chōngzhī  ―  Zu Chongzhi (Chinese astronomer and mathematician during the Liu Song and Southern Qi dynasties)

Compounds
Derived terms from 祖

Japanese
Shinjitai 祖
Kyūjitai
[1]
祖
&#xFA50;
or
祖+&#xFE00;?
祖󠄁
祖+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
祖󠄃
祖+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji
祖

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 祖)

  1. founder, ancestor

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology
Kanji in this term
祖
そ
Grade: 5
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
祖 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 祖 (tsuX, “ancestor”).

Pronunciation

Noun

祖(そ) • (so) 

  1. ancestor

References
  1. “祖”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 祖 (MC t͡suoX). Recorded as Middle Korean 조〮 (cwó) (Yale: cwo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 祖 (eumhun 할아버지 조 (harabeoji jo))

  1. Hanja form? of 조 (“grandfather; ancestor”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Noun

祖

  1. chữ Hán form of tổ.

Derived terms

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