氓

氓 U+6C13, 氓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C13
← 氒
[U+6C12] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 气 →
[U+6C14]

Translingual

Han character

氓 (Kangxi radical 83, 氏+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜女口女心 (YVRVP), four-corner 07747, composition ⿰亡民)

References
  • KangXi: page 598, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17030
  • Dae Jaweon: page 990, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2131, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6C13

Chinese
trad. 氓
simp. # 氓
alternative forms 𣱅

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 氓
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (亡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
忙 *maːŋ
芒 *maːŋ, *maŋ
茫 *maːŋ
恾 *maːŋ
吂 *maːŋ, *maːŋs
汒 *maːŋ, *maŋs
朚 *maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs
邙 *maːŋ, *maŋ
杗 *maːŋ, *maŋ
荒 *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs
肓 *hmaːŋ
衁 *hmaːŋ
巟 *hmaːŋ
詤 *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ
慌 *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ
謊 *hmaːŋʔ
喪 *smaːŋs, *smaːŋ
亡 *maŋ
望 *maŋ, *maŋs
莣 *maŋ
朢 *maŋ, *maŋs
鋩 *maŋ
硭 *maŋ
忘 *maŋ, *maŋs
网 *mlaŋʔ
罔 *mlaŋʔ
蛧 *maŋʔ
網 *mlaŋʔ
輞 *maŋʔ
棢 *maŋʔ
惘 *maŋʔ
菵 *maŋʔ
誷 *maŋʔ
魍 *maŋʔ
妄 *maŋs
盲 *mraːŋ
蝱 *mraːŋ
虻 *mraːŋ
氓 *mraːŋ
甿 *mraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mraːŋ) : phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ) + semantic 民 (“people”).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • bâng - literary;
  • bîn - vernacular (俗).

Definitions

氓

  1. ruffian, hooligan
    See also: 流氓

Compounds
  • 流氓罪

Etymology 2

Cognate with Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”), Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”) (Benedict, 1976). Unrelated to 民 (OC *min, “people”); probably unrelated to etymology 1 (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 氓
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 耕 (117)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 莫耕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /mˠɛŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /mᵚæŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /mɐŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /məɨjŋ/
Li
Rong		 /mɛŋ/
Wang
Li		 /mæŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /mæŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 méng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 mang4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 氓
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 méng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ mɛng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*mˁr[i]ŋ/
English population, people

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 氓
Reading # 1/1
No. 12694
Phonetic
component		 亡
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 甍
Old
Chinese		 /*mraːŋ/

Definitions

氓

  1. (archaic) people, subject, vassals
  2. nomad, wanderer (used to refer to migrants in ancient China)

Compounds
  • 群氓

Japanese

Kanji
氓

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. people, subjects

Readings

Korean

Hanja

氓 • (maeng) (hangeul 맹, revised maeng, McCune–Reischauer maeng, Yale mayng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

氓: Hán Nôm readings: manh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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