繁華

See also: 繁华

Chinese

		complicated; many; in great numbers	flowery; flourishing; magnificent flowery; flourishing; magnificent; your; grey; corona; time; essence; China; Chinese; name of a mountain
trad. (繁華)		繁	華
simp. (繁华)		繁	华

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fánhuá

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄚˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): faan⁴ waa⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fàn-fà
Min Nan (POJ): hoân-hôa

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fánhuá
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fánhuá
  - Wade–Giles: fan²-hua²
  - Yale: fán-hwá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farnhwa
  - Palladius: фаньхуа (fanʹxua)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän³⁵ xwä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: faan⁴ waa⁴
  - Yale: fàahn wàh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁴ waa⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan⁴ wa⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn²¹ waː²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fàn-fà
  - Hakka Romanization System: fanˇ faˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fan² fa²
  - Sinological IPA: /fan¹¹ fa¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoân-hôa
  - Tâi-lô: huân-huâ
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoanhoaa
  - IPA (Xiamen): /huan²⁴⁻²² hua²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /huan²⁴⁻²² hua²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /huan¹³⁻²² hua¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /huan²⁴⁻¹¹ hua²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /huan²³⁻³³ hua²³/

Adjective

繁華

lively; bustling; busy
繁華街市／繁华街市 ― fánhuá jiēshì ― busy street
(literary) beautiful
(literary) luxurious; lavish; extravagant
(literary) wealthy and respectable (in terms of social status)

Synonyms

(lively):

edit

Synonyms of 繁華

全盛 (quánshèng)
卬卬 (áng'áng) (literary)
富昌 (fùchāng) (literary)
富盛 (fùshèng) (literary)
旺盛 (wàngshèng)
昌 (chāng) (literary, or in compounds)
昌明 (chāngmíng) (literary, of a government, culture, etc.)
昌盛 (chāngshèng)
昌隆 (chānglóng)
火爆 (huǒbào)
繁盛 (fánshèng)
茂盛 (màoshèng)
蓬勃 (péngbó)
蕃昌 (fánchāng) (literary)

隆昌 (lóngchāng) (literary)
隆盛 (lóngshèng)
鼎盛 (dǐngshèng)
富強／富强 (fùqiáng)
強盛／强盛 (qiángshèng)
景氣／景气 (jǐngqì)
條暢／条畅 (tiáochàng) (literary)
紅火／红火 (hónghuo) (mainland China)
繁榮／繁荣 (fánróng)
興旺／兴旺 (xīngwàng)
興盛／兴盛 (xīngshèng)
興隆／兴隆 (xīnglóng)
軫軫／轸轸 (zhěnzhěn) (literary)

(beautiful):

edit

Synonyms of 繁華

俊 (jùn)
俊俏 (jùnqiào) (attractive and smart)
俊秀 (jùnxiù)
俊美 (jùnměi) (of a young male)
好看 (hǎokàn)
妍美 (yánměi) (literary)
清秀 (qīngxiù)
漂亮 (piàoliang)
秀媚 (xiùmèi)
秀美 (xiùměi)
耐看 (nàikàn)
花花 (huāhuā) (literary)
俏麗／俏丽 (qiàolì) (usually of a female)
奇麗／奇丽 (qílì) (singularly beautiful)
妖嬌／妖娇 (“iau-kiau”) (Min Nan)

嬌豔／娇艳 (jiāoyàn) (delicate and charming)
嬌逸／娇逸 (jiāoyì) (literary, of a young male)
悅目／悦目 (yuèmù)
是樣／是样 (shìyàng) (colloquial)
標緻／标致 (biāozhì) (usually of a woman)
秀麗／秀丽 (xiùlì)
綺麗／绮丽 (qǐlì)
美觀／美观 (měiguān)
美麗／美丽 (měilì)
豔麗／艳丽 (yànlì)
邊式／边式 (biānshi) (regional, of dress, physique, etc.)
體面／体面 (tǐmiàn)
鮮亮／鲜亮 (xiānliàng) (dialectal)
鮮麗／鲜丽 (xiānlì)

(luxurious):

edit

侈奢 (chǐshē) (formal)
奢侈 (shēchǐ)
奢靡 (shēmí)
奢華／奢华 (shēhuá)

排場／排场 (páichǎng)
豪華／豪华 (háohuá)
鋪張／铺张 (pūzhāng)
鋪排／铺排 (pūpái)

(wealthy and respectable):

edit

煊赫 (xuānhè) (literary)
赫赫 (hèhè) (literary)
貴氣／贵气 (Taishanese)

顯要／显要 (xiǎnyào)
顯赫／显赫 (xiǎnhè)
高貴／高贵 (gāoguì)

Antonyms

(lively):

edit

不景 (bùjǐng) (Hong Kong)
低迷 (dīmí)
冷淡 (lěngdàn)
清淡 (qīngdàn)

不景氣／不景气 (bùjǐngqì)
慘淡／惨淡 (cǎndàn)
蕭條／萧条 (xiāotiáo)

Noun

繁華

(literary) glory and splendor
(literary, figurative) youth; adolescence; youthfulness; prime of one's life

Synonyms

(glory and splendor): 榮華／荣华 (rónghuá)
(youth): 青春 (qīngchūn)

Derived terms

繁華世界／繁华世界
繁華損枝／繁华损枝

繁華街／繁华街 (fánhuájiē)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
繁	華
はん Grade: S	か Grade: S
kan’on

Alternative spelling
繁華 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) はんか [háꜜǹkà] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
(Tokyo) はんか [hàńká] (Heiban – [0])[1]
IPA^(key): [hã̠ŋka̠]

Adjective

繁(はん)華(か) • (hanka) ^{←はんくわ (fankwa)^?}-na (adnominal 繁(はん)華(か)な (hanka na), adverbial 繁(はん)華(か)に (hanka ni))

bustling
- 1915, 素(しら)木(き)しづ [Shizu Shiraki], 青(あお)白(じろ)き夢(ゆめ) (Aojiroki yume)‎:
  
  それは繁(はん)華(か)な電(でん)車(しゃ)通(どお)りであった。
  Sore wa hanka na densha dōri de atta.
  That was the bustling street with sidecar tracks.

Inflection

Inflection of 繁華

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	繁華だろ	はんかだろ	hanka daro
Continuative (連用形)	繁華で	はんかで	hanka de
Terminal (終止形)	繁華だ	はんかだ	hanka da
Attributive (連体形)	繁華な	はんかな	hanka na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	繁華なら	はんかなら	hanka nara
Imperative (命令形)	繁華であれ	はんかであれ	hanka de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	繁華ではない繁華じゃない	はんかではないはんかじゃない	hanka de wa nai hanka ja nai
Informal past	繁華だった	はんかだった	hanka datta
Informal negative past	繁華ではなかった繁華じゃなかった	はんかではなかったはんかじゃなかった	hanka de wa nakatta hanka ja nakatta
Formal	繁華です	はんかです	hanka desu
Formal negative	繁華ではありません繁華じゃありません	はんかではありませんはんかじゃありません	hanka de wa arimasen hanka ja arimasen
Formal past	繁華でした	はんかでした	hanka deshita
Formal negative past	繁華ではありませんでした繁華じゃありませんでした	はんかではありませんでしたはんかじゃありませんでした	hanka de wa arimasen deshita hanka ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	繁華で	はんかで	hanka de
Conditional	繁華なら（ば）	はんかなら（ば）	hanka nara (ba)
Provisional	繁華だったら	はんかだったら	hanka dattara
Volitional	繁華だろう	はんかだろう	hanka darō
Adverbial	繁華に	はんかに	hanka ni
Degree	繁華さ	はんかさ	hankasa

Derived terms

繁(はん)華(か)街(がい) (hankagai)

Noun

繁(はん)華(か) • (hanka) ^{←はんくわ (fankwa)^?}

bustle

References

2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
繁	華

Noun

繁華 • (beonhwa) (hangeul 번화)

Hanja form^? of 번화 (“bustle; prosperity; liveliness”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
繁	華

Adjective

繁華

chữ Hán form of phồn hoa (“bustling; prosper”).

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[SMK7-1] 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN