繁

See also: 緐
繁 U+7E41, 繁
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7E41
← 繀
[U+7E40]
CJK Unified Ideographs 繂 →
[U+7E42]

繁 U+FA59, 繁
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA59
← 縉
[U+FA58]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs 署 →
[U+FA5A]

Translingual

Han character

繁 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+11 in Chinese, 糸+10 in Japanese, 17 strokes in Chinese, 18 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人大女戈火 (OKVIF), four-corner 88903, composition ⿱敏糸)

Derived characters

References

Chinese

trad. 繁
simp. # 繁
2nd round simp. ⿰纟凡

Glyph origin

Etymology

The same word as 蕃 (OC *ban, “luxuriant; numerous”). See there for more.

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • huang5 - Shantou;
  • huêng5 - Chaozhou.

Rime
Character 繁
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 元 (66)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 附袁切
Baxter bjwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/bʉɐn/
Pan
Wuyun
/bʷiɐn/
Shao
Rongfen
/biuɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/buan/
Li
Rong
/biuɐn/
Wang
Li
/bĭwɐn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/bʱi̯wɐn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
faan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 繁
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
fán
Middle
Chinese
‹ bjon ›
Old
Chinese
/*[b]ar/
English abundant, numerous

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 繁
Reading # 3/3
No. 2951
Phonetic
component
緐
Rime
group
元
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
煩
Old
Chinese
/*ban/
Notes 說文作緐

Definitions

繁

  1. numerous; many
    繁星  ―  fánxīng  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
  2. complicated
    繁體字/繁体字  ―  fántǐzì  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
  3. luxuriant; lush
    繁盛  ―  fánshèng  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
Antonyms
  • (complicated): 簡/简 (jiǎn)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (繁):
  • → Japanese: 繁(はん) (han)
  • → Korean: 번(繁) (beon)
  • → Vietnamese: phồn (繁)

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character 繁
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 戈 (95)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 薄波切
Baxter bwa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/buɑ/
Pan
Wuyun
/buɑ/
Shao
Rongfen
/buɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/bwa/
Li
Rong
/buɑ/
Wang
Li
/buɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/bʱuɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
pó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
po4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 繁
Reading # 1/3
No. 2945
Phonetic
component
緐
Rime
group
歌
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
婆
Old
Chinese
/*baːl/
Notes 見爾雅

Definitions

繁

  1. Alternative form of 皤 (pó, “white”).
  2. a surname
  3. Only used in 繁塔 and 繁台

Pronunciation 3



Rime
Character 繁
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 薄官切
Baxter bwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/buɑn/
Pan
Wuyun
/bʷɑn/
Shao
Rongfen
/buɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/bwan/
Li
Rong
/buɑn/
Wang
Li
/buɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/bʱuɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
pán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
pun4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 繁
Reading # 2/3
No. 2946
Phonetic
component
緐
Rime
group
元
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
槃
Old
Chinese
/*baːn/

Definitions

繁

  1. Alternative form of 鞶 (pán).

Pronunciation 4


Definitions

繁

  1. Alternative form of 敏 (mǐn).
  2. Used in 繁鳥/繁鸟.

Japanese

Shinjitai 繁
Kyūjitai
[1][2][3][4]

繁
&#xFA59;
or
繁+&#xFE00;?
繁󠄁
繁+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
繁󠄃
繁+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

繁

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 繁)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
繁
はん
Grade: S
kan’on
Alternative spelling
繁 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 繁 (MC bʉɐn).

Pronunciation

Affix

繁(はん) • (han) ←はん (fan)?

  1. flourishing, luxuriant, heavy or dense (of foliage)
  2. rich, prosperous
  3. rhythm, regularity
  4. complication, difficulty
  5. cumbersome, troublesome
Derived terms

Noun

繁(はん) • (han) ←はん (fan)?

  1. a flourish, luxuriance

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
繁
しげ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
繁 (kyūjitai)

⟨sige2⟩ → */siᵑɡəɨ/ → /ɕiɡe/

From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɕiɡe̞]

Noun

繁(しげ) • (shige) ←しげ (sige)?

  1. (archaic, obsolete) a copse, thicket
  2. (archaic, obsolete) a repeat, frequency
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
繁
しげ(る)
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
繁 (kyūjitai)

Nominalization of verb 茂る (shigeru, “to grow thick, be luxuriant”).

Proper noun

繁(しげる) • (Shigeru) 

  1. a male given name

References

  1. “繁”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
  2. 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014), “繁”, in 字通 普及版 (Jitsū fukyūban, “Jitsū trade edition”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
  3. 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1682 (paper), page 893 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
  4. 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 954 (paper), page 490 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 繁 (MC bʉɐn, buɑn, buɑ).

Hanja

繁 (eumhun 번성할 번 (beonseonghal beon))

  1. Hanja form? of 번 (“complicated, complex, difficult”).
  2. Hanja form? of 번 (“thicket, foliage”).
  3. Hanja form? of 번 (“luxurious, lush, flourishing”).

繁 (eumhun 뱃대끈 반 (baetdaekkeun ban))

  1. Hanja form? of 반 (“cinch, saddle girth, sash”).

繁 (eumhun 흴 파 (huil pa))

  1. Hanja form? of 파 (“white”).

Old Japanese

Noun

繁 (sige2) (kana しげ)

  1. a copse, thicket
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Japanese: 繁 (shige)

Noun

繁 (sizi) (kana しじ)

  1. flourish, luxuriance, overgrowth
  2. large in quantity, tight pack
Derived terms
  • 繁に (sizi ni)
  • 繁貫く (sizinuku)
Descendants
  • Japanese: 繁根 (shijine)

Vietnamese

Han character

繁: Hán Nôm readings: phồn, phiền

  1. many; numerous
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