鉗

See also: 箝 and 钳

鉗	U+9257, 鉗 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9257

← 鉖
[U+9256]

CJK Unified Ideographs

鉘 →
[U+9258]

Translingual

Han character

鉗 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 金廿一 (CTM), four-corner 8417₀, composition ⿰釒甘)

References

KangXi: page 1301, character 14

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40306

Dae Jaweon: page 1803, character 16

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4182, character 7

Unihan data for U+9257

Chinese

trad.		鉗
simp.		钳
alternative forms		拑 verb

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鉗
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (甘) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
紺	*kɯːms
姏	*mɡaːm
嵌	sɡaːmʔ, kʰraːm
甘	*kaːm
柑	*kaːm
苷	*kaːm
泔	*kaːm
坩	kaːm, kʰaːm
蚶	ɢaːm, ɢaːm
酣	*ɢaːm
甝	*ɢaːm
魽	*ɢaːm
邯	ɡaːm, ɡaːm
鉗	*ɡram
箝	*ɡram
黚	ɡram, ɡrɯm
拑	*ɡram

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qián (qian²)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kim⁴, kim^4-2, kem⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiàm
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): khiâm / khîⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): kiam⁵ / kin⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qián
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cián
  - Wade–Giles: chʻien²
  - Yale: chyán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyan
  - Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kim⁴, kim^4-2, kem⁴
  - Yale: kìhm, kím, colloquial sounds not defined
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kim⁴, kim^4-2, kem⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: kim⁴, kim^4-2, kém⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiːm²¹/, /kʰiːm²¹⁻³⁵/, /kʰɛːm²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiàm
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiamˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiam²
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯am¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiâm
  - Tâi-lô: khiâm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiaam
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiam¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /kʰiam²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khîⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: khînn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qvii
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰĩ²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰĩ¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /kʰĩ²⁴/

Note:

khiâm - literary;
khîⁿ - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kiam⁵ / kin⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khiâm / khîⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiam⁵⁵/, /kʰĩ⁵⁵/

Note:

kiam5 - literary;
kin5 - vernacular.

Middle Chinese: /ɡˠiᴇm/

Rime
Character	鉗
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	鹽 (154)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巨淹切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiᴇm/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡᵚiɛm/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiæm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gjiam/
Li Rong	/ɡjɛm/
Wang Li	/ɡĭɛm/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯ɛm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qián
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kim⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[ɡ]<r>[e]m/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡram/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鉗
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qián
Middle Chinese	‹ gjem ›
Old Chinese	/*C.[ɡ]<r>[e]m/
English	pincers, tongs
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鉗
Reading #	1/1
No.	3665
Phonetic component	甘
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	箝
Old Chinese	/*ɡram/
Notes	同箝

Definitions

鉗

claw of a crustacean (Classifier: 個／个 c)
隻蟹個鉗／只蟹个钳 [Cantonese] ― zek³ haai⁵ go³ kim^4-2 [Jyutping] ― claw of a crab

蟹鉗／蟹钳 [Cantonese] ― haai⁵ kim⁴ [Jyutping] ― crab claws
pincers, pliers, tongs
to grab or pinch with a plier or a crustacean claw
佢隻手俾隻蟹個鉗鉗親。 [Cantonese, trad.]
佢只手俾只蟹个钳钳亲。 [Cantonese, simp.]
keoi⁵ zek³ sau² bei² zek³ haai⁵ go³ kim^4-2 kem⁴ can¹. [Jyutping]
His hand was pinched by a crab's claw.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 鉗子 (“pliers; pincers”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鉗子
Mandarin	Beijing	鉗子
	Taiwan	鉗子
	Harbin	鉗子
	Yantai (Muping)	鉗子
	Jinan	鉗子
	Luoyang	鉗子
	Wanrong	鉗子
	Xi'an	鉗子
	Xining	鉗子
	Ürümqi	鉗子
	Wuhan	鉗子
	Chengdu	鉗子
	Guiyang	夾鉗
	Liuzhou	鉗子
	Xuzhou	鉗子
	Yangzhou	鉗子
	Nanjing	鉗子
	Hefei	鉗子
	Singapore	鉗子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	鉗
	Hong Kong	鉗, 鉗仔
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	鉗, 鉗仔
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	鉗
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	鉗仔
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	鉗仔
	Macau	鉗
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	鉗
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	鉗
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	鉗
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	鉗
	Foshan	鉗
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	鉗
	Foshan (Shunde)	鉗
	Foshan (Sanshui)	鉗
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	鉗
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	鉗
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	鉗
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	鉗
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	鉗
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	鉗
	Taishan	鉗
	Kaiping (Chikan)	鉗
	Enping (Niujiang)	鉗
	Heshan (Yayao)	鉗
	Dongguan	鉗
	Yangjiang	鉗仔
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	鉗仔
Gan	Nanchang	鉗子
Gan	Lichuan	鉗兒
Hakka	Meixian	鉗仔
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	鉗
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	鉗仔
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	鉗仔
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	鉗
	Yudu	鉗子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	鉗仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	鉗仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	鉗仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	鉗
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	鉗仔
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	鉗
	Hong Kong	鉗仔
	Senai (Huiyang)	鉗仔
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	鉗
	Singkawang	鉗
Jin	Taiyuan	鉗子
Jin	Xinzhou	鉗子
Min Bei	Jian'ou	鉗仔
Min Dong	Fuzhou	鉗囝
Min Nan	Xiamen	鉗仔
	Quanzhou	鉗仔
	Zhangzhou	鉗仔
	Zhao'an	鉗仔
	Tainan	鉗仔
	Manila (Hokkien)	鉗仔
	Chaozhou	鉗囝
	Shantou	鉗囝
	Shantou (Chenghai)	鉗囝
	Jieyang	鉗, 鉗囝
	Bangkok (Teochew)	鉗
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	鉗囝
	Haikou	鉗囝
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	鉗
Wu	Shanghai	鉗子
	Suzhou	鉗子
	Hangzhou	鉗子
	Ningbo	鉗子
	Wenzhou	夾鉗兒, 鉗兒
Xiang	Changsha	鉗子
	Loudi	鉗子
	Shuangfeng	鉗子

Compounds

克絲鉗子／克丝钳子
卡鉗／卡钳
受鉗鎚／受钳锤
尖嘴鉗／尖嘴钳 (jiānzuǐqián)
拘鉗／拘钳
火鉗／火钳 (huǒqián)
焊鉗／焊钳
產鉗／产钳 (chǎnqián)
羅鉗吉網／罗钳吉网
老虎鉗／老虎钳 (lǎohǔqián)

胡桃鉗／胡桃钳
虎鉗／虎钳 (hǔqián)
虎頭鉗／虎头钳 (hǔtóuqián)
蝍蛆鉗帶／蝍蛆钳带
鉗且／钳且
鉗制／钳制 (qiánzhì)
鉗口／钳口
鉗口吞舌／钳口吞舌
鉗口撟舌／钳口挢舌
鉗口結舌／钳口结舌

鉗噤／钳噤
鉗子／钳子 (qiánzi)
鉗工／钳工 (qiángōng)
鉗忌／钳忌
鉗鉗／钳钳
鉗馬銜枚／钳马衔枚
鏈鉗子／链钳子
鐵鉗／铁钳
髡鉗／髡钳

Descendants

→ Proto-Tai: *ɡiːmᴬ (“pliers, tongs”)
- Proto-Southwestern Tai: *ɡiːmᴬ (“pliers, tongs”)
  - Lao: ຄີມ (khīm)
  - Tai Dam: ꪁꪲꪣ
  - Shan: ၵိမ်း (kím)
  - Thai: คีม (kiim, “pliers, tongs”)

Japanese

Kanji

鉗

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): かん (kan); けん (ken)
Kun: くびかせ (kubikase, 鉗); かなぎ (kanagi, 鉗); はさむ (hasamu, 鉗む); はさみ (hasami, 鉗); かなばさみ (kanabasami, 鉗)

Korean

Hanja

鉗 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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