淹

淹	U+6DF9, 淹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DF9

← 淸
[U+6DF8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

淺 →
[U+6DFA]

淹	U+2F90E, 淹 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F90E

← 𣻑
[U+2F90D]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

潮 →
[U+2F90F]

Translingual

Han character

淹 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水大中山 (EKLU), four-corner 3411₆, composition ⿰氵奄)

References

KangXi: page 632, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17696
Dae Jaweon: page 1038, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1644, character 1
Unihan data for U+6DF9
Unihan data for U+2F90E

Chinese

trad.		淹
simp. ^#		淹
alternative forms		淊

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (奄) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
庵	qoːm, qoːb
鵪	*qoːm
菴	qoːm, qrom
馣	*qoːm
晻	qoːmʔ, qromʔ
唵	*qoːmʔ
黤	qoːmʔ, qraːmʔ
埯	qaːmʔ, qomʔ
淹	qroːm, qrom, qom, qoms
閹	qrom, qromʔ
崦	*qrom
醃	qrom, qom
掩	*qromʔ
奄	*qromʔ
罨	qromʔ, qoːb, *qob
裺	qromʔ, qoms
俺	qromʔ, qoms
腌	qom, qrob, *qob
殗	*qob
餣	*qob

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yān (yan¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄢ

(Chengdu, SP): ngan¹
Cantonese (Jyutping): jim¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yim
Min Nan (POJ): im / iam

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yān
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yan
  - Wade–Giles: yen¹
  - Yale: yān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ian
  - Palladius: янь (janʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ngan¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ngan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋan⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jim¹
  - Yale: yīm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jim¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yim¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːm⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yim
  - Hakka Romanization System: im
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yim⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /im⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yim
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)im
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yim⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)im⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: im
  - Tâi-lô: im
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ym
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /im⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /im³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iam
  - Tâi-lô: iam
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iafm
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iam³³/

Note:

im - vernacular;
iam - literary.

Middle Chinese: /ʔˠiᴇm/, /ʔɨɐm^H/

Rime
Character	淹	淹
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	鹽 (154)	嚴 (145)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	央炎切	於劔切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠiᴇm/	/ʔɨɐm^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔᵚiɛm/	/ʔiɐm^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiæm/	/ʔiɐm^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔjiam/	/ʔɨam^H/
Li Rong	/ʔjɛm/	/ʔiɐm^H/
Wang Li	/ĭɛm/	/ĭɐm^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ɛm/	/ʔi̯ɐm^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yān	yàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jim¹	jim³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔ(r)om/

(Zhengzhang): /*qroːm/, /*qrom/, /*qom/, /*qoms/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	淹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yān
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjem ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔ(r)om/
English	submerge, soak
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	淹	淹	淹	淹
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
No.	14336	14338	14352	14354
Phonetic component	奄	奄	奄	奄
Rime group	談	談	談	談
Rime subdivision	3	3	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	𤟟	淹	醃
Old Chinese	/*qroːm/	/*qrom/	/*qom/	/*qoms/
Notes	手冊作淊今字			原列梵韻依王韻改釅

Definitions

淹

to soak; to flood; to drown; to submerge
(of skin) to be tingling from sweat
(literary) wide; deep; thorough
(literary) to stay; to stop over; to be detained
(literary) to delay; to take a long time
(literary) slow; sluggish

Compounds

故淹珠玉
涵淹
淹博
淹宿
淹恤
淹晷
淹月
淹死 (yānsǐ)
淹水 (yānshuǐ)
淹沉

淹淹一息
淹灌
淹煎
淹留
淹通
淹雅
悶淹淹／闷淹淹
江淹夢筆／江淹梦笔
江淹夢錦／江淹梦锦
江淹才盡／江淹才尽

淹旬曠月／淹旬旷月
淹殺／淹杀
淹沒／淹没 (yānmò)
淹滅／淹灭
淹滯／淹滞
淹潤／淹润
淹纏／淹缠
淹識／淹识
淹貫／淹贯
淹踐／淹践

Japanese

Kanji

淹

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

On (unclassified): えん (en); よう (yō)
Kun: ひたす (hitasu); ひさしい (hisashī); とどまる (todomaru)
Nanori: ひさ (hisa)

Korean

Hanja

淹 • (eom) (hangeul 엄, revised eom, McCune–Reischauer ŏm, Yale em)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

淹: Hán Nôm readings: yêm, êm, im, ươm

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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