ruma

From Proto-Finnic *ruma, possibly a North Germanic borrowing. Cognates include Estonian rumal (“stupid”), Ingrian ruma (“ugly”), Livonian rumāli (“dirty”), Livvi ruma, Veps ruma (“ugly; coarse”) and Votic ruma. The Finnic word has been borrowed into Sami; compare Northern Sami ropmi.

• IPA^(key): /ˈrumɑ/, [ˈrumɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Syllabification^(key): ru‧ma

ruma (comparative rumempi, superlative rumin)

1. ugly (displeasing to the eye or ear)

   Synonyms: epäesteettinen, pahannäköinen

   Antonym: kaunis

2. ugly, dirty (offensive to one's sensibilities or morality)

   Synonyms: moraaliton, ikävä, ilkeä, kelju, kurja, paha

   Hän teki meille ruman tempun. ― He played a dirty trick on us.

3. dirty (of a word or language in general: something considered vulgar)

   ruma sana ― dirty word

• Amur, mura

rūma

1. Romanization of 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰

From Proto-Oceanic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀumaq.

ruma

1. house (abode)

• IPA^(key): /ɾuma/

ruma (infinitive kũruma)

1. to curse, to abuse

(Proverbs)

• kĩonje kĩrumaga mũhiũhia

(Nouns)

• kĩrumi class 7

• Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 363. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).

• rū̆mis

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈruː.ma/, [ˈruːmä] or IPA^(key): /ˈru.ma/, [ˈrʊmä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈru.ma/, [ˈruːmä]
• The length of the U is not directly attested. It should be short based on the attested short vowel in the derivative irrumō, but a pronunciation with long ū may have developed due to influence from and conflation with rūmen.[1]

Unknown. Possibly from Etruscan [Term?].

rū̆ma f (genitive rū̆mae); first declension

1. (anatomy) udder, teat

   Synonyms: ūber, sūmen

First-declension noun.

• irrumō
• rū̆migō
• subrū̆mō
• subrū̆mus

The same as rūmen.

rūma f (genitive rūmae); first declension

1. (anatomy) rumen

   Synonym: rūmen

2. stomach, abdomen

   Synonyms: venter, pantex

First-declension noun.

• “ruma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ruma in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

• IPA^(key): /ˈruma/

ruma

1. inflection of rum:
   1. genitive singular
   2. nominative/accusative dual

From Proto-Oceanic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀumaq.

ruma

1. house (abode)

ruma

1. inflection of rumar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

From Proto-Austronesian *ʀumaq.

ruma

1. house; home

   naniyam ruma piyalaudr tu pitaun.

   The door of our house is to the east.

• Stacy Fang-Ching Teng (鄧芳青), A Reference Grammar Of Puyuma, An Austronesian Language Of Taiwan, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, 2008.

ruma

1. to send

From Proto-Finnic *ruma, possibly a North Germanic borrowing. Cognates include Finnish ruma.

ruma

1. ugly
2. coarse, rough

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “грубый, некрасивый”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

From Proto-Finnic *ruma.

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈrumɑ/, [ˈrumɑ]
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Hyphenation: ru‧ma

ruma

1. plain, bare
2. rough
3. bad, poor
4. ugly

• V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012), “ruma”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn