無常

See also: 无常

Chinese

not have
 
always; ever; often
always; ever; often; frequently; common; general; constant
trad. (無常)
simp. (无常)

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (4) (25)
Final () (24) (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter mju dzyang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/mɨo/ /d͡ʑɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/mio/ /d͡ʑiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/mio/ /d͡ʑiɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/muə̆/ /d͡ʑɨaŋ/
Li
Rong
/mio/ /ʑiaŋ/
Wang
Li
/mĭu/ /ʑĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/mi̯u/ /ʑi̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
cháng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mou4 soeng4

Adjective

無常

  1. changeable; variable; sporadic; irregular; inconsistent

Derived terms

  • 禍福無常祸福无常
  • 翻覆無常翻覆无常
  • 變化無常变化无常 (biànhuàwúcháng)
  • 變幻無常变幻无常
  • 貴賤無常贵贱无常

Noun

無常

  1. (Chinese mythology) Wuchang, one or two deities in Chinese folk religion who seize the spirits of people to the Underworld
  2. (Buddhism) impermanence

Derived terms

  • 無常鬼无常鬼
  • 白無常白无常
  • 走無常走无常

Verb

無常

  1. (euphemistic) to die; to pass away

Synonyms

Derived terms

  • 一旦無常萬事休一旦无常万事休

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (無常):
  • Japanese: 無常(むじょう) (mujō)
  • Korean: 무상(無常) (musang)
  • Vietnamese: vô thường (無常)

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
じょう
Grade: 5
goon

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 無常 (MC mɨo d͡ʑɨɐŋ), in turn a translation of Pali anicca or Sanskrit अनित्य (anitya).[1]

First cited in a Japanese text in the 勝鬘経義疏 (Shōmangyō Gisho) of 611, one of the three texts grouped together as the 三経義疏 (Sangyō Gisho).[2]

Pronunciation

Adjective

()(じょう) (mujō) むじやう (muzyau)?-na (adnominal ()(じょう) (mujō na), adverbial ()(じょう) (mujō ni))

  1. [from 611] transient, impermanent, mutable

Inflection

Noun

()(じょう) (mujō) むじやう (muzyau)?

  1. [from 611] transience, impermanence, mutability
  2. [from early 1200s] (figurative) death, the impermanence of one's life

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 無常”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  5. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term

Noun

無常

  1. (Buddhism) chữ Hán form of vô thường (impermanence).
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