醒

醒	U+9192, 醒 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9192

← 醑
[U+9191]

CJK Unified Ideographs

醓 →
[U+9193]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

醒 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 一田日竹一 (MWAHM), four-corner 1661₄, composition ⿰酉星)

References

KangXi: page 1285, character 20

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39936

Dae Jaweon: page 1785, character 22

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3590, character 1

Unihan data for U+9192

Chinese

trad.		醒
simp. ^#		醒

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
猜	*sʰlɯː
輤	*sʰleːns
綪	sʰleːns, ʔsreːŋ
倩	sʰleːns, sʰleŋs
棈	*sʰleːns
蒨	*sʰeːns
篟	*sʰeːns
生	sʰleːŋ, sreŋs
牲	*sreŋ
笙	*sreŋ
甥	*sreŋ
鉎	sreŋ, sleːŋ
珄	*sreŋ
鼪	sreŋ, sreŋs
猩	sreŋ, seːŋ
狌	*sreŋ
眚	*sreŋʔ
貹	*sreŋs
崝	*zreːŋ
精	ʔsleŋ, ʔsleŋs
菁	*ʔsleŋ
鶄	ʔsleŋ, sʰleːŋ
蜻	ʔsleŋ, sʰleːŋ
鼱	*ʔsleŋ
婧	ʔsleŋ, zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛	ʔsleŋ, sʰleŋʔ
箐	*ʔsleŋ
聙	*ʔsleŋ
旌	*ʔsleŋ
清	*sʰleŋ
圊	*sʰleŋ
請	sʰleŋʔ, zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊	*sʰleŋs
䝼	zleŋs, zleŋ
靚	*zleŋs
情	*zleŋ
晴	*zleŋ
夝	*zleŋ
靜	*zleŋʔ
靖	*zleŋʔ
睲	seŋʔ, seːŋs
惺	seŋʔ, seːŋ
性	*sleŋs
姓	*sleŋs
靗	*l̥ʰeŋs
鯖	ʔljeŋ, sʰleːŋ
青	*sʰleːŋ
靘	sʰleːŋ, sʰleːŋs
掅	*sʰleːŋs
胜	*sleːŋ
曐	*sleːŋ
星	*sleːŋ
鮏	*sleːŋ
腥	seːŋ, seːŋs
鯹	*seːŋ
醒	seːŋ, seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂	*seːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs) : semantic 酉 (“alcohol”) + phonetic 星 (OC *sleːŋ).

Etymology

Cognate with 清 (OC *sʰleŋ, “clear”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xǐng, xīng (xing³, xing¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥˇ, ㄒㄧㄥ

(Chengdu, SP): xin³
Cantonese (Jyutping): seng², sing², sing¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siáng
Min Dong (BUC): chāng / chiāng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chhíⁿ / chhéⁿ / séng

(Teochew, Peng'im): cên²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xǐng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sǐng
  - Wade–Giles: hsing³
  - Yale: syǐng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiing
  - Palladius: син (sin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xīng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sing
  - Wade–Giles: hsing¹
  - Yale: syīng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shing
  - Palladius: син (sin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: xin³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xin
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: seng², sing², sing¹
  - Yale: séng, síng, sīng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: seng², sing², sing¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: séng², xing², xing¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛːŋ³⁵/, /sɪŋ³⁵/, /sɪŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

seng2 - vernacular (“to awaken”);
sing2 - literary (including “clever”);
sing1 - literary, used only in poetry.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siáng
  - Hakka Romanization System: xiang`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xiang³
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕi̯aŋ³¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chāng / chiāng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ³³/, /t͡sʰiaŋ³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhíⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tshínn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chvie
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡ɕʰĩ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Lukang): /t͡ɕʰĩ⁵⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen): /t͡ɕʰĩ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhéⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tshénn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhvea
  - IPA (Tainan, Yilan): /t͡sʰẽ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰẽ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɛ̃⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: séng
  - Tâi-lô: síng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seang
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ɕiɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ɕiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕiɪŋ⁴¹/

Note:

chhíⁿ/chhéⁿ - vernacular;
séng - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cên²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshéⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰẽ⁵²/

Middle Chinese: /seŋ/, /seŋ^X/, /seŋ^H/

Rime
Character	醒	醒	醒
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	心 (16)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	青 (125)	青 (125)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV	IV
Fanqie	桑經切	蘇挺切	蘇佞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/seŋ/	/seŋ^X/	/seŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/seŋ/	/seŋ^X/	/seŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/sɛŋ/	/sɛŋ^X/	/sɛŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛjŋ/	/sɛjŋ^X/	/sɛjŋ^H/
Li Rong	/seŋ/	/seŋ^X/	/seŋ^H/
Wang Li	/sieŋ/	/sieŋ^X/	/sieŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/sieŋ/	/sieŋ^X/	/sieŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xīng	xǐng	xìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sing¹	sing²	sing³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tsʰˤeŋʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*seːŋ/, /*seːŋʔ/, /*seːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	醒
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xǐng
Middle Chinese	‹ seng^X ›
Old Chinese	/*s-tsʰˁeŋʔ/
English	wake up
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	醒	醒	醒
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	11377	11380	11382
Phonetic component	生	生	生
Rime group	耕	耕	耕
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	星	醒	腥
Old Chinese	/*seːŋ/	/*seːŋʔ/	/*seːŋs/

Definitions

醒

to sober up
to awaken; to wake up
to be awake
to realize; to become aware of
to decant (wine, etc.)
(Cantonese) clever; intelligent; sharp
(Cantonese) to gift

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 聰明 (“clever; intelligent; smart; bright”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		聰明, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		聰明, 機靈, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎, 聰慧
Mandarin	Beijing	聰明
	Taiwan	聰明
	Jinan	聰明
	Xi'an	靈, 靈醒
	Wuhan	聰明
	Chengdu	精靈, 聰明
	Guilin	聰明
	Yangzhou	聰明
	Hefei	聰明
	Malaysia	聰明
	Singapore	聰明
Cantonese	Guangzhou	聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精
	Hong Kong	聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精
	Taishan	聰明, 叻, 參
	Kaiping (Chikan)	叻
	Yangjiang	伶俐, 叻
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	精, 扮𠮨
	Singapore (Guangfu)	聰明, 精, 叻, 醒目, 扮𠮨
Gan	Nanchang	精靈, 聰明
Hakka	Meixian	聰明, 機靈
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	聰明
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	聰明
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	聰明
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	聰明, 精
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	聰明, 精
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	聰明
	Kuching (Hepo)	將
Jin	Taiyuan	機靈, 聰明
Min Bei	Jian'ou	聰明
Min Dong	Fuzhou	聰明
Min Nan	Xiamen	聰明
	Quanzhou	聰明, 骨鳥 derogatory
	Zhangzhou	聰明
	Taipei	聰明, 巧, 明白
	Singapore (Hokkien)	聰明, 𠢕, 勥, 醒目, 巧
	Manila (Hokkien)	巧, 勥, 𠢕
	Chaozhou	聰明
	Singapore (Teochew)	聰明
	Wenchang	精
	Singapore (Hainanese)	精
Wu	Suzhou	聰明
	Ningbo	聰明
	Wenzhou	靈, 聰明
Xiang	Changsha	靈泛, 聰明
Xiang	Shuangfeng	聰明

Compounds

不醒
不醒人事
半睡半醒
叫醒 (jiàoxǐng)
如醉初醒
如醉方醒
定醒
提醒 (tíxǐng)
昏迷不醒
清醒 (qīngxǐng)
猛醒
警醒
醒世 (xǐngshì)
醒悟 (xǐngwù)

醒木
醒狂
醒目 (xǐngmù)
醒眼 (xǐngyǎn)
醒睡
醒脾
醒豁
醒酒 (xǐngjiǔ)
醒酒石
久夢初醒／久梦初醒
叫醒服務／叫醒服务
喚醒／唤醒 (huànxǐng)
大夢初醒／大梦初醒
大覺醒／大觉醒

如夢初醒／如梦初醒 (rúmèngchūxǐng)
如夢方醒／如梦方醒 (rúmèngfāngxǐng)
復醒／复醒
獨醒／独醒
甦醒／苏醒 (sūxǐng)
眾人皆醉我獨醒／众人皆醉我独醒 (zhòngrén jiē zuì wǒ dú xǐng)
眾醉獨醒／众醉独醒
蘇醒／苏醒
覺醒／觉醒 (juéxǐng)
醒世恆言／醒世恒言 (Xǐngshì Héngyán)
醒來／醒来 (xǐnglái)
醒覺／醒觉
驚醒／惊醒 (jīngxǐng)
點醒／点醒

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (醒):

→ Vietnamese: tỉnh (醒)

References

“醒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

醒

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

to wake up
to become sober, to be disillusioned

Readings

Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
Kan-on: せい (sei, Jōyō)
Kun: さめる (sameru, 醒める); さます (samasu, 醒ます)

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

醒 (eumhun 깰 성 (kkael seong))

Hanja form^? of 성 (“waking up; being sober”).

Compounds

각성 (覺醒, gakseong, “awakening, revival”)
각성제 (覺醒劑, gakseongje, “a stimulant”)

Vietnamese

Han character

醒: Hán Nôm readings: tỉnh

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.