dara

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dara"

Bikol Central

Pronunciation
  • Hyphenation: da‧ra
  • IPA(key): /daˈɾa/

Verb

dará

  1. to bring
  2. to be swayed (by other's opinion)
  3. (by extension) to carry
    Synonyms: bitbit, karga

Derived terms

Crimean Tatar

Noun

dara

  1. tare

Declension
Declension of dara
nominative dara
genitive daranıñ
dative darağa
accusative daranı
locative darada
ablative daradan

Dharug

Noun

dara

  1. tooth

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from a Turkic language. Compare Turkish darı.[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈdɒrɒ]
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: da‧ra
  • Rhymes: -rɒ

Noun

dara (usually uncountable, plural darák)

  1. grits (hulled and coarsely ground grain)
  2. (weather) sleet, ice pellets

Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative dara darák
accusative darát darákat
dative darának daráknak
instrumental darával darákkal
causal-final daráért darákért
translative darává darákká
terminative daráig darákig
essive-formal daraként darákként
essive-modal — —
inessive darában darákban
superessive darán darákon
adessive daránál daráknál
illative darába darákba
sublative darára darákra
allative darához darákhoz
elative darából darákból
delative daráról darákról
ablative darától daráktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular		 daráé daráké
non-attributive
possessive - plural		 daráéi darákéi
Possessive forms of dara
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. darám daráim
2nd person sing. darád daráid
3rd person sing. darája darái
1st person plural daránk daráink
2nd person plural darátok daráitok
3rd person plural darájuk daráik

Derived terms
Compound words
  • árpadara
  • búzadara
  • kukoricadara

References
  1. dara in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading
  • dara in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • dara in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)

Iban

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *dara, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀa (“maiden, virgin, unmarried girl”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈdara]
  • Hyphenation: da‧ra

Noun

dara

  1. maiden, virgin
  2. virginity

Ilocano

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀaq; cognate with Indonesian darah, Malagasy ra, Nauruan ara.

Noun

dara

  1. blood

Derived terms

Indonesian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈdara]
  • Hyphenation: da‧ra

Etymology 1

From Malay dara, from Proto-Malayic *dara, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀa (“maiden, virgin, unmarried girl”).

Noun

dara (first-person possessive daraku, second-person possessive daramu, third-person possessive daranya)

  1. maiden, virgin
  2. virginity
  3. female cattle that are more than one year old and have never given birth even though they are pregnant
Derived terms
  • perdaraan

Etymology 2

From Malay dara, possibly from Old Javanese dara, darā.

Noun

dara (first-person possessive daraku, second-person possessive daramu, third-person possessive daranya)

  1. pigeon (Columba domestica).
    Synonym: merpati

Further reading

Interlingua

Verb

dara

  1. future of dar

Irish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Irish indala, from ind (“the”) + aile (“second, other”), from Proto-Celtic *alyos (compare Welsh ail), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos (compare Latin alius, Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌹𐍃 (aljis)).

Alternative forms

Numeral

dara (triggers h-prothesis)

  1. second
    an dara haois ― the second century
    • 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 54:
      caiŕə n darə ūntū ŕ hȳv nə l̄āvə ḱlī.
      Teighre an dara hiontú ar thaoibh na láimhe clí. (conventional orthography)
      Take the second turn on the left-hand side.
      (literally, “Go…”)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Inflected forms.

Noun

dara

  1. genitive singular of dair (“oak”)

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
dara dhara ndara
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Javanese

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

From Old Javanese dara, darā.

Noun

dara (krama ngoko dara)

  1. pigeon
  2. dove

Etymology 2

From Old Javanese dara, dāra (“wife”), from Sanskrit दार (dāra, “wife”).

Noun

dara (kawi dara)

  1. (literary) wife
  2. (literary) virgin

References
  • “[ dara]” in Bausastra Jawa, Yogyakarta: The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Yogyakarta].

Kapampangan

Noun

dara

  1. aunt

Khalaj
Perso-Arabic دَره‎

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian دره‎ (dare).

Pronunciation
  • (Xarrâbî) IPA(key): [daˈɾa]

Noun

dara (definite accusative daranı, plural daralar)

  1. valley
  2. gorge, ravine, canyon

Declension
Declension of dara
singular plural
nominative dara daralar
genitive darayn daralarıyn
dative daraqa daralarqa
definite accusative daranı daraları
locative daraça daralarça
ablative darada(n) daralarda(n)
instrumental darala(n) daralarla(n)
equative daravâra daralarvâra
quantitative daraqadar daralarqadar

References
  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó

Latvian

Verb

dara

  1. 3rd person singular present indicative form of darīt
  2. 3rd person plural present indicative form of darīt
  3. (with the particle lai) 3rd person singular imperative form of darīt
  4. (with the particle lai) 3rd person plural imperative form of darīt

Malay

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /dara/
  • Rhymes: -ara, -ra, -a
  • Audio (MY)(file)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayic *dara, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀa (“maiden, virgin, unmarried girl”).

Noun

dara (Jawi spelling دارا‎, informal 1st possessive daraku, 2nd possessive daramu, 3rd possessive daranya)

  1. maiden, virgin
    Synonyms: gadis, perawan
  2. virginity
    Synonym: keperawanan
Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

  • kedaraan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
  • perdaraan [causative passive + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peR- + -an)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

  • anak dara
  • nyiur dara
Descendants
  • Indonesian: dara

Etymology 2

Possibly from Old Javanese dara, darā. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

dara (Jawi spelling دارا‎)

  1. pigeon (Columba domestica)
    Synonym: merpati
Descendants

Further reading

Maltese
Root
d-r-w
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic دَرَى‎ (darā, “to know”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈda.ra/

Verb

dara (imperfect jidra)

  1. to get used to (adapt to something new, make it customary)
  2. to become acquainted with (learn the basics of something new)

Conjugation
    Conjugation of dara
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
perfect m drajt drajt dara drajna drajtu draw
f drat
imperfect m nidra tidra jidra nidraw tidraw jidraw
f tidra
imperative idra idraw

Maranao

Noun

dara

  1. blood
    Synonym: rogo'

References

Nupe
Dará

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /dā.ɾá/

Noun

dará (plural darázhì)

  1. tamarind fruit (Tamarindus indica)
    Synonym: daráci

References
  • Roger Blench, Nupe Plants and Trees Their Names and Uses (2008)

Old Irish

Etymology

Univerbation of tar (“over, across”) +‎ a (“his, her, its, their”)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈdara]

Determiner

dara (triggers lenition in the meaning “his, its”, h-prothesis in the meaning “her”, and nasalization in the meaning “their”)

  1. over/across his/her/its/their

Old Javanese

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

dara

  1. pigeon
  2. dove
Alternative forms

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit दार (dāra, “wife”).

Noun

dara

  1. wife
Alternative forms

Etymology 3

From Sanskrit धर (dhara, “uterus or womb”).

Noun

dara

  1. (literary) virgin
Alternative forms

References
  • "dara" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طاره‎ (dara).

Noun

dara f (plural darale)

  1. tare (empty weight of a container)

Declension
Declension of dara
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (o) dara daraua (niște) {{{pl}}} {{{pl}}}le
genitive/dative (unei) {{{pl}}} {{{pl}}}i (unor) {{{pl}}} {{{pl}}}lor
vocative — —

Scottish Gaelic
Scottish Gaelic numbers (edit)
20
 ←  1 2 3  → [a], [b], [c]
    Cardinal: dà
    Standalone: a dhà
    Ordinal: dàrna, dara
    Ordinal abbreviation: 2na, 2ra
    Personal: dithis
    Multiplier: dà-fhillte, dùbailte
    Fractional: leth

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Irish indala, from ind (“the”) + aile (“second, other”), from Proto-Celtic *alyos (compare Welsh ail), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos (compare Latin alius, Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌹𐍃 (aljis)).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈt̪aɾˠə/

Numeral

dara

  1. second

Derived terms

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

dara (Cyrillic spelling дара)

  1. genitive singular of dar

Shelta

Etymology

Reversed and modified from the Irish arán.

Noun

dara

  1. bread

References
  • Language in Danger Andrew Dalby, 2003

Swahili

Pronunciation
  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Verb

-dara (infinitive kudara)

  1. to touch

Conjugation
Conjugation of -dara
Positive present -nadara
Subjunctive -dare
Negative -dari
Imperative singular dara
Infinitives
Positive kudara
Negative kutodara
Imperatives
Singular dara
Plural dareni
Tensed forms
Habitual hudara
Positive past positive subject concord + -lidara
Negative past negative subject concord + -kudara
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadara)
Singular Plural
1st person ninadara/nadara tunadara
2nd person unadara mnadara
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anadara wanadara
other classes positive subject concord + -nadara
Negative present (negative subject concord + -dari)
Singular Plural
1st person sidari hatudari
2nd person hudari hamdari
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hadari hawadari
other classes negative subject concord + -dari
Positive future positive subject concord + -tadara
Negative future negative subject concord + -tadara
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dare)
Singular Plural
1st person nidare tudare
2nd person udare mdare
3rd person m-wa(I/II) adare wadare
other classes positive subject concord + -dare
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sidare
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngedara
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singedara
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalidara
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalidara
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adara)
Singular Plural
1st person nadara twadara
2nd person wadara mwadara
3rd person m-wa(I/II) adara wadara
m-mi(III/IV) wadara yadara
ji-ma(V/VI) ladara yadara
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chadara vyadara
n(IX/X) yadara zadara
u(XI) wadara see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwadara
pa(XVI) padara
mu(XVIII) mwadara
Perfect positive subject concord + -medara
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshadara
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jadara
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kidara
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipodara
Consecutive kadara / positive subject concord + -kadara
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kadare
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nidara -tudara
2nd person -kudara -wadara/-kudareni/-wadareni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mdara -wadara
m-mi(III/IV) -udara -idara
ji-ma(V/VI) -lidara -yadara
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kidara -vidara
n(IX/X) -idara -zidara
u(XI) -udara see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kudara
pa(XVI) -padara
mu(XVIII) -mudara
Reflexive -jidara
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dara- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -daraye -darao
m-mi(III/IV) -darao -darayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -daralo -darayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -daracho -daravyo
n(IX/X) -darayo -darazo
u(XI) -darao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -darako
pa(XVI) -darapo
mu(XVIII) -daramo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dara)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yedara -odara
m-mi(III/IV) -odara -yodara
ji-ma(V/VI) -lodara -yodara
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chodara -vyodara
n(IX/X) -yodara -zodara
u(XI) -odara see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kodara
pa(XVI) -podara
mu(XVIII) -modara
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Tagalog

Pronunciation
  • Hyphenation: da‧ra
  • IPA(key): /daˈɾa/, [dɐˈɾa]

Noun

dará

  1. angry shout (usually accompanied with the stamping of feet)

Taroko

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *daʀaq.

Noun

dara

  1. blood
  2. menstrual blood

Turkish

Noun

dara (definite accusative darayı, plural daralar)

  1. tare

Wanyi

Noun

dara

  1. dog
    daramukunu — there are many dogs around

References
  • Mary Laughren, Rob Pensalfini, Tom Mylne, Accounting for verb-initial order in an Australian language, in Verb First: On the syntax of verb-initial languages (2005)

Wolof

Noun

dara

  1. nothing
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