宿

宿 U+5BBF, 宿
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BBF
← 宾
[U+5BBE]
CJK Unified Ideographs 寀 →
[U+5BC0]

Translingual

Han character

宿 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十人一日 (JOMA), four-corner 30261, composition ⿱宀佰)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 287, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7195
  • Dae Jaweon: page 568, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 938, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+5BBF

Chinese

simp. and trad.
宿
alternative forms 㝛

Glyph origin

In the oracle bone script, an ideogrammic compound (會意) : 人 (“person”) + [Term?] (“bamboo mat”) – a person resting on a mat. Sometimes a house (宀) was added.

Later the pictogram of the bamboo mat became 㐁 or 𠀬, and eventually came to be written 百.

Contrast 寒.

Etymology

“To stay overnight; lodge > night; mansion of the zodiac [i.e. the Sun's lodging stations]”
Probably related to Austroasiatic: cf. Old Khmer *ruk (“to take cover or shelter”) > Khmer ជ្រុក (cruk, “shelter; refuge”), Khmer ស្រុក (srok, “settlement; village”) (Schuessler, 2007). Benedict (1972) relates it to the Tibeto-Burman terms listed in the etymology of 夜 (OC *laːɡs, “night”), however the phonetics is difficult to reconcile in the current reconstructions.

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • sù - literary (all senses);
  • xiǔ - vernacular (classifier “night”).
Note:
  • siok - literary;
  • sok - vernacular;
  • sek/siak - vernacular.

Rime
Character 宿
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 東 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 息逐切
Baxter sjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/sɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/siuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/siuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/suwk̚/
Li
Rong
/siuk̚/
Wang
Li
/sĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/si̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
su
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
suk1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 宿
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
sù
Middle
Chinese
‹ sjuwk ›
Old
Chinese
/*[s]uk/
English spend the night

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 宿
Reading # 2/2
No. 12105
Phonetic
component
宿
Rime
group
覺
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
肅
Old
Chinese
/*suɡ/

Definitions

宿

  1. to stay overnight; to lodge
  2. to reside; to live; to dwell
  3. lodge; lodging station; residence
  4. perching bird; resting bird
  5. to keep watch at night; to be on night duty
  6. night; nighttime
  7. Classifier for the number of nights: night
    借宿一宿  ―  jièsù yī xiǔ  ―  to stay for one night
  8. to be content with
  9. to stay; to stay behind; to delay; to stop over; to be stationed
  10. (from) last night; the previous night; overnight
  11. (from) last year; spanning two years
  12. the past; former times
  13. old; longstanding
  14. big; great; considerable
  15. old and experienced; skilful; master
  16. renowned person; someone of high standing
  17. Alternative form of 夙 (sù, “usually; normally”).
  18. predestined; preordained
    宿命  ―  sùmìng  ―  destiny [lit. predestined life]
  19. in advance; beforehand
  20. Alternative form of 肅/肃 (sù, “respectful; solemn”).
  21. Alternative form of 肅/肃 (sù, “to admonish; to warn”).
  22. Alternative form of 肅/肃 (sù, “to offer”).
  23. (~國) (historical) The name of an ancient state located in modern-day Dongping county in Shandong province.
  24. (~州) (historical) The name of an ancient prefecture during the Tang dynasty, located in modern-day Suzhou city in Anhui province.
  25. (~縣) (historical) The name of an abolished county, now the Suzhou city in Anhui province.
  26. Short for 宿州 (Sùzhōu, “Suzhou city in Anhui province”).
  27. a surname

Compounds

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character 宿
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 息救切
Baxter sjuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/sɨuH/
Pan
Wuyun
/siuH/
Shao
Rongfen
/siəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/suwH/
Li
Rong
/siuH/
Wang
Li
/sĭəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/si̯ə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sau3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 宿
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiù
Middle
Chinese
‹ sjuwH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[s]uk-s/
English "mansion" of the zodiac (where the moon is found on successive nights)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 宿
Reading # 1/2
No. 12104
Phonetic
component
宿
Rime
group
幽
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
秀
Old
Chinese
/*suɡs/

Definitions

宿

  1. (archaic, Chinese astronomy) constellation; “mansion” of the zodiac

Compounds

Pronunciation 3


Definitions

宿

  1. Only used in 宿宿 (sùsù, “walking slowly in small steps”).

Pronunciation 4


Definitions

宿

  1. † Alternative form of 戚 (Qī, “name of a county in the State of Wei”).

References

Japanese

Kanji

宿

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. lodging, inn
  2. home

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
宿
やど
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 宿 – see the following entry.
【やど】
[noun] lodging, inn
[noun] house, home
(This term, 宿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
宿
しゅく
Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sɨuH, sɨuk̚).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) しゅく​ [shùkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ɕɨᵝkɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

宿(しゅく) • (shuku) ←しゆく (syuku)?

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
宿
しゅく
Grade: 3
on’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 宿 – see the following entry.
【しゅく】
[noun] (historical) shuku, a class of outcast in medieval and pre-modern Kinki region
Alternative spellings
夙, 宿, 守公, 守宮
(This term, 宿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sɨuk̚).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 宿 (eumhun 잘 숙 (jal suk))

  1. Hanja form? of 숙 (“sleep; lodging”).

Compounds

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sɨuH).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰu(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [수(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

宿 (eumhun 별자리 수 (byeoljari su))

  1. Hanja form? of 수 (“(Chinese astronomy) constellation; “mansion” of the zodiac”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

宿: Hán Nôm readings: túc, tú

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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