憂

See also: 忧
憂 U+6182, 憂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6182
← 憁
[U+6181] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 憃 →
[U+6183]

Translingual

Han character

憂 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一月心竹水 (MBPHE), four-corner 10247, composition ⿱㥑夂(GJKV) or ⿱㥑夊(HT))

Derived characters

Descendants

References
  • KangXi: page 401, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11170
  • Dae Jaweon: page 741, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2341, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+6182

Chinese
trad. 憂/懮
simp. 忧*
alternative forms
 
懮
㥑
𢝊
𢟜
𢚧
懮
㥑
𢝊
𢟜
𢚧
𠮕
𨗫
𩕂
𠪍

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 憂
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (憂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
憂 *qu
優 *qu
瀀 *qu
櫌 *qu
鄾 *qu
嚘 *qu
耰 *qu
獶 *qu
纋 *qu
懮 *quʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qu) : phonetic 𢝊 + semantic 夊.

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 憂
Mandarin Beijing /iou⁵⁵/
Harbin /iou⁴⁴/
Tianjin /iou²¹/
Jinan /iou²¹³/
Qingdao /iou²¹³/
Zhengzhou /iou²⁴/
Xi'an /iou²¹/
Xining /iɯ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iəu⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /iou³¹/
Ürümqi /iɤu⁴⁴/
Wuhan /iəu⁵⁵/
Chengdu /iəu⁵⁵/
Guiyang /iəu⁵⁵/
Kunming /iəu⁴⁴/
Nanjing /iəɯ³¹/
Hefei /iɯ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iəu¹¹/
Pingyao /iəu¹³/
Hohhot /iəu³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iɤ⁵³/
Suzhou /iɤ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔiø³³/
Wenzhou /j̠au³³/
Hui Shexian /iu³¹/
Tunxi /iu¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /iəu³³/
Xiangtan /iəɯ³³/
Gan Nanchang /iu⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /iu¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʒiu¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐu⁵³/
Nanning /jɐu⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jɐu⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /iu⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ieu⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /iu⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /iu³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /iu²³/
Rime
Character 憂
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於求切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔɨu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔiu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔuw/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiu/
Wang
Li		 /ĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yōu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jau1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 憂
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yōu
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔjuw ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔ(r)u/
English grief, grieved

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 憂
Reading # 1/1
No. 15493
Phonetic
component		 憂
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 憂
Old
Chinese		 /*qu/

Definitions

憂

  1. sad; grieved
  2. grief; melancholy

Compounds
Derived terms from 憂

Japanese

Kanji
憂

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. anxiety, worry
  2. mourning

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology
Kanji in this term
憂
う
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Stem of classical adjective 憂し (ushi),[1][2] modern 憂い (ui, “gloomy, sad”).

Noun

憂(う) • (u) 

  1. grief, pain, sorrow

Derived terms
  • あな憂(う) (anau)
  • 心(こころ)憂(う) (kokorou)

References
  1. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

憂 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

憂: Hán Nôm readings: ưu, âu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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