痴
See also: 癡
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Translingual
Han character
痴 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大人大口 (KOKR), four-corner 00160, composition ⿸疒知)
References
- KangXi: page 774, character 38
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22257
- Dae Jaweon: page 1185, character 24
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2681, character 1
- Unihan data for U+75F4
Chinese
| trad. | 痴/癡 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 痴 | |
Glyph origin
Pronunciation
Definitions
痴
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 瘋 (“mad; crazy; insane”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 痴, 狂, 癲 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 瘋, 狂, 瘋癲, 瘋狂 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 瘋 |
| Taiwan | 瘋 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 痴 | |
| Luoyang | 瘋 | |
| Xi'an | 瘋 | |
| Ürümqi | 瘋 | |
| Guiyang | 瘋 | |
| Liuzhou | 癲 | |
| Yangzhou | 瘋 | |
| Singapore | 神經病, 有毛病 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 癲, 黐線, 黐筋, 黐孖筋 |
| Hong Kong | 癲, 黐線, 黐筋, 黐孖筋 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 癲, 黐線 | |
| Penang (Guangfu) | 癲, 黐線 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 癲, 黐線 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 瘋 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 癲 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 癲 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 痟 |
| Quanzhou | 痟 | |
| Yongchun | 痟 | |
| Zhangzhou | 痟, 魔 | |
| Zhao'an | 痟 | |
| Taipei | 痟 GT | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 痟 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 痟 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 痟 | |
| Chaozhou | 痟 | |
| Shantou | 痟 | |
| Shantou (Chenghai) | 痟 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 痟 | |
| Jieyang | 痟 | |
| Haifeng | 癲 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 痟 | |
| Leizhou | 痟神 | |
| Wenchang | 發痟 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 發痟 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 痴 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 痴 | |
| Danyang | 瘋 | |
| Hangzhou | 瘋 | |
| Wenzhou | 癲 | |
| Jinhua | 癲 | |
| Xiang | Loudi | 瘋 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | |
Descendants
Compounds
Japanese
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 痴 |
| ち Grade: S |
| on’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 癡 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 痴 (MC ʈʰɨ). Compare modern Mandarin 痴 (chī).
The Buddhist sense is a translation of Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly, ignorance”) or मूढ (mūḍha, “fool”).[1]
Noun
痴 • (chi)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 痴 |
| おこ Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 癡 (kyūjitai) 烏滸 尾籠 嗚呼 (rare) |
⟨woko2⟩ → */wəkə/ → /woko/ → /oko/
From Old Japanese.[1]
Usage notes
Historical sources[1][2] show that this term is more often used as an attributive noun, followed by possessive particle の (no) when used to modify another noun.
Inflection
Inflection of 痴
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 痴だろ | おこだろ | oko daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 痴で | おこで | oko de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 痴だ | おこだ | oko da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 痴な | おこな | oko na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 痴なら | おこなら | oko nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 痴であれ | おこであれ | oko de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 痴ではない 痴じゃない |
おこではない おこじゃない |
oko de wa nai oko ja nai |
| Informal past | 痴だった | おこだった | oko datta |
| Informal negative past | 痴ではなかった 痴じゃなかった |
おこではなかった おこじゃなかった |
oko de wa nakatta oko ja nakatta |
| Formal | 痴です | おこです | oko desu |
| Formal negative | 痴ではありません 痴じゃありません |
おこではありません おこじゃありません |
oko de wa arimasen oko ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 痴でした | おこでした | oko deshita |
| Formal negative past | 痴ではありませんでした 痴じゃありませんでした |
おこではありませんでした おこじゃありませんでした |
oko de wa arimasen deshita oko ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 痴で | おこで | oko de |
| Conditional | 痴なら（ば） | おこなら（ば） | oko nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 痴だったら | おこだったら | oko dattara |
| Volitional | 痴だろう | おこだろう | oko darō |
| Adverbial | 痴に | おこに | oko ni |
| Degree | 痴さ | おこさ | okosa |
Classical conjugation of "痴なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 痴なら | をこなら | woko nara | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 痴に[1] 痴なり[2] | をこに をこなり | woko ni woko nari | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 痴なり | をこなり | woko nari | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 痴なる | をこなる | woko naru | |
| Realis (已然形) | 痴なれ | をこなれ | woko nare | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 痴なれ | をこなれ | woko nare | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Negative | 痴ならず | をこならず | woko narazu | |
| Contrasting conjunction | 痴なれど | をこなれど | woko naredo | |
| Causal conjunction | 痴なれば | をこなれば | woko nareba | |
| Conditional conjunction | 痴ならば | をこならば | woko naraba | |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 痴なりき | をこなりき | woko nariki | |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 痴なりけり | をこなりけり | woko narikeri | |
| Adverbial | 痴に | をこに | woko ni | |
| [1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. | ||||
Derived terms
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Vietnamese
Han character
痴: Hán Nôm readings: si, sy, se
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References
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