| emperor; surname | day; sky; heaven | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (皇天) |
皇 | 天 | |
| anagram | 天皇 | ||
| [Show/Hide] |
|---|
edit 皇天黃天／黄天 |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 皇 | 天 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (102) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | IV |
| Fanqie | 胡光切 | 他前切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦwɑŋ/ | /tʰen/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦʷɑŋ/ | /tʰen/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣuɑŋ/ | /tʰɛn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦwaŋ/ | /tʰɛn/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣuɑŋ/ | /tʰen/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣuɑŋ/ | /tʰien/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ɣwɑŋ/ | /tʰien/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
huáng | tiān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
wong4 | tin1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 皇 | 皇 | 天 | 天 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
huáng | huáng | tiān | xiān |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ hwang › | ‹ hwang › | ‹ then › | ‹ xen › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ɢ]ʷˁaŋ/ | /*[ɢ]ʷˁaŋ/ | /*l̥ˁi[n]/ | /*l̥ˁi[n]/ (W dialect: l̥ˁ- > Hàn-time *xˁ- > MC x-) |
| English | yellow and white spotted | sovereign | heaven | heaven |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 皇 | 天 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 12696 | 12387 |
| Phonetic component |
王 | 天 |
| Rime group |
陽 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
黃 | 天 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɡʷaːŋ/ | /*qʰl'iːn/ |
| Notes | 禮王制鄭注冕屬， 金文象羽冠，王聲；或雲象日射輝則爲暀晃初文 |
|
皇天