砍

砍	U+780D, 砍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-780D

← 砌
[U+780C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

砎 →
[U+780E]

Translingual

Han character

砍 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一口弓人 (MRNO), four-corner 1768₂, composition ⿰石欠)

References

KangXi: page 828, character 17

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24063

Dae Jaweon: page 1242, character 15

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2421, character 4

Unihan data for U+780D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		砍

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (欠) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
坎	kʰoːmʔ, kʰoːms
扻	*kʰoːmʔ
砍	*kʰoːmʔ
芡	*ɡromʔ
欠	*kʰoms
杴	*qʰom
鍁	*qʰam

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰoːmʔ) : semantic 石 (“rock”) + phonetic 欠 (OC *kʰoms).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): kǎn (kan³)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄢˇ

(Chengdu, SP): kan³
Cantonese (Jyutping): ham²
Jin (Wiktionary): kan²
Min Nan (POJ): khám

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kǎn
  - Wade–Giles: kʻan³
  - Yale: kǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaan
  - Palladius: кань (kanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰän²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: kan³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰan⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ham²
  - Yale: hám
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ham²
  - Guangdong Romanization: hem²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐm³⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: kan²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /kʰxæ̃⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khám
  - Tâi-lô: khám
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qarm
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰam⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰam⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰam⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰam⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰam⁴¹/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰoːmʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	砍
Reading #	1/1
No.	10271
Phonetic component	欠
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	坎
Old Chinese	/*kʰoːmʔ/
Notes	扻後起字，亦作坎，金代後作砍

Definitions

砍

to hack; to chop; to cut; to fell
砍伐 ― kǎnfá ― to cut down
to reduce; to weaken
砍價／砍价 ― kǎnjià ― to reduce prices
(dialect) to throw in order to hit
Same as 侃 (kǎn) to chat
a surname: Kan

Synonyms

(to hack):

Dialectal synonyms of 砍 (“to chop; to hack”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		砍
Mandarin	Beijing	砍
	Taiwan	砍
	Jinan	砍
	Xi'an	砍
	Wuhan	砍, 剁
	Chengdu	砍
	Guilin	砍
	Yangzhou	砍, 㓠
	Hefei	砍
	Singapore	砍, 斬
Cantonese	Guangzhou	斬
	Hong Kong	斬
	Yangjiang	并
	Beihai	斬
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	斬
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	斬
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	斬
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	斬
	Singapore (Guangfu)	斬
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	斬
	Móng Cái	斬
Gan	Nanchang	砍, 剁
Hakka	Meixian	斬, 砍
Jin	Taiyuan	砍
Min Bei	Jian'ou	砍, 斫
Min Dong	Fuzhou	剉, 鍘
Min Nan	Xiamen	鏨, 砍
	Quanzhou	鏨
	Zhangzhou	鏨
	Taipei	鏨
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	鏨
	Kaohsiung	鏨
	Yilan	鏨
	Changhua (Lukang)	鏨
	Taichung	鏨, 斲
	Tainan	鏨
	Hsinchu	鏨, 斲
	Kinmen	鏨
	Penghu (Magong)	鏨
	Penang (Hokkien)	鏨
	Singapore (Hokkien)	斲, 斬
	Manila (Hokkien)	鏨
	Chaozhou	斬, 斲
	Shantou	斬
	Jieyang	斬, 斲
	Singapore (Teochew)	斫
	Pontianak (Teochew)	斬
Wu	Suzhou	㔍
Wu	Wenzhou	剉, 剁
Xiang	Changsha	砍, 剁
Xiang	Shuangfeng	剁, 砍

(to reduce):

edit

Synonyms of 砍

削 (xiāo) (literary, or in compounds)
撤 (chè)
耗 (hào)
裁 (cái)
裁汰 (cáitài) (literary)
降低 (jiàngdī)
削減／削减 (xuējiǎn)

壓縮／压缩 (yāsuō)
損／损 (sǔn) (literary, or in compounds)
收縮／收缩 (shōusuō)
消減／消减 (xiāojiǎn)
減低／减低 (jiǎndī)
減少／减少 (jiǎnshǎo)

減損／减损 (jiǎnsǔn)
減輕／减轻 (jiǎnqīng)
緊縮／紧缩 (jǐnsuō)
縮減／缩减 (suōjiǎn)
裁減／裁减 (cáijiǎn)
鐫汰／镌汰 (juāntài) (literary)

Compounds

刀切斧砍
披砍
砍伐 (kǎnfá)
砍倒 (kǎndǎo)
砍刀
砍大山

砍手
砍木
砍柴 (kǎnchái)
砍瓜切菜
砍傷／砍伤
砍價／砍价 (kǎnjià)

砍斷／砍断 (kǎnduàn)
砍殺／砍杀 (kǎnshā)
砍鐵如泥／砍铁如泥
砍頭／砍头 (kǎntóu)
砍頭癰／砍头痈
老砍頭／老砍头

References

“砍”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

砍

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: こん (kon)
Kan-on: かん (kan)
On: きん (kin)
Kun: きる (kiru, 砍る)

Vietnamese

Han character

砍: Hán Nôm readings: khảm

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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