| indignant | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (齌怒) | 齌 | 怒 | |
| simp. (𱌗怒) | 𱌗 | 怒 | |
| Rime | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 齌 | 齌 | 齌 | 怒 | 怒 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) | 精 (13) | 從 (15) | 泥 (8) | 泥 (8) |
| Final (韻) | 齊 (39) | 齊 (39) | 齊 (39) | 模 (23) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | IV | IV | I | I |
| Fanqie | 七稽切 | 祖稽切 | 在詣切 | 奴古切 | 乃故切 |
| Reconstructions | |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡sʰei/ | /t͡sei/ | /d͡zeiH/ | /nuoX/ | /nuoH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡sʰei/ | /t͡sei/ | /d͡zeiH/ | /nuoX/ | /nuoH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡sʰɛi/ | /t͡sɛi/ | /d͡zɛiH/ | /noX/ | /noH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡sʰɛj/ | /t͡sɛj/ | /d͡zɛjH/ | /nɔX/ | /nɔH/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡sʰei/ | /t͡sei/ | /d͡zeiH/ | /noX/ | /noH/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡sʰiei/ | /t͡siei/ | /d͡zieiH/ | /nuX/ | /nuH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡sʰiei/ | /t͡siei/ | /d͡zʱieiH/ | /nuoX/ | /nuoH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
qī | jī | jì | nǔ | nù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
cai1 | zai1 | zai6 | nou5 | nou6 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 怒 | 怒 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
nù | nù |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ nuX › | ‹ nuH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.nˁaʔ/ | /*C.nˁaʔ-s/ |
| English | angry | anger, angry; vigorous |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 齌 | 齌 | 齌 | 怒 | 怒 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 10038 | 10051 | 10065 | 9608 | 9610 |
| Phonetic component |
齊 | 齊 | 齊 | 女 | 女 |
| Rime group |
脂 | 脂 | 脂 | 魚 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
齎 | 妻 | 嚌 | 怒 | 笯 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔsliːl/ | /*sʰliːl/ | /*zliːls/ | /*naːʔ/ | /*naːs/ |
| Notes | 祖由相校改 | ||||