за
See also: за- and Appendix:Variations of "za"
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *za.
Pronunciation
- (stressed) IPA(key): [za]
- (unstressed) IPA(key): [za]
Preposition
за • (za)
- used to indicate the place someone or something is going to or toward; for, to
- used to indicate an amount of time; for, in, during
- Той пробяга сто метра за единадесет секунди.
- Toj probjaga sto metra za edinadeset sekundi.
- He ran a hundred metres in eleven seconds.
- used to indicate the time when something is arranged or intended to happen; for
- used to show the occasion when something happens; for
- used to indicate the order of occurrence of an action or event; for
- used to indicate the time that a statement refers to; for
- used to indicate the part of something/somebody that is held, grasped, etc. or to show that something is attached to something else; by, to
- on the subject of somebody/something, in connection with somebody/something; about
- used to indicate the person that a statement refers to; for, to
- used to indicate the person who should use or have something; for
- used to indicate the thing that something is meant to be used with; for
- used to indicate the use of something; for
- инструмент за измерване на скорост
- instrument za izmervane na skorost
- an instrument for measuring speed
- used to indicate purpose; for, to + infinitive
- За удоволствие ли учиш английски?
- Za udovolstvie li učiš anglijski?
- Are you learning English for pleasure?
- used to indicate a reason or cause; for
- in order to help somebody/something; for, of
- Работим за доброто на човечеството.
- Rabotim za dobroto na čovečestvoto.
- We are working for the good of humanity.
- in order to get (something); for
- in support of somebody/something; for
- Гласуваха за независимост на референдум.
- Glasuvaha za nezavisimost na referendum.
- They voted for independence in a referendum.
- used to indicate the person or thing toward which feelings, thoughts, etc., are directed; for
- in exchange for something; for
- as an employee, member, player, etc., of something; for
- considering what can be expected from somebody/something; for
- used with certain verbs
- отговарям за
- otgovarjam za
- to be responsible for/to be in charge of
- used in certain wishes
Russian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [zə]
- IPA(key): [zɐ] (before a stressed syllable)
- IPA(key): [ˈza] (when stressed)
Audio (file)
Preposition
за • (za)
- (+ accusative)
- (of motion) to
- (of time) during (close to в течение)
- за вре́мя пребыва́ния в Москве́ ― za vrémja prebyvánija v Moskvé ― during his stay in Moscow
- за после́дние два́дцать лет ― za poslédnije dvádcatʹ let ― for the past twenty years (lt. during the last twenty years)
- (of time, with до) time before an event
- for; to; by; after; over
- instead of
- (of voting) in favor of
- Он проголосова́л за строи́тельство но́вой шко́лы. ― On progolosovál za stroítelʹstvo nóvoj škóly. ― He voted for the construction of a new school.
- (used in expressions)
- ра́доваться за кого́-либо ― rádovatʹsja za kovó-libo ― to rejoice for someone
- боя́ться за кого́-либо ― bojátʹsja za kovó-libo ― to be afraid for someone
- брать кого́-либо за́ руку ― bratʹ kovó-libo zá ruku ― to take someone by the hand
- вести́ кого́-либо за́ руку ― vestí kovó-libo zá ruku ― to lead someone by the hand
- (+ instrumental)
- (of location) behind; beyond; on the other side of
- at; while
- за обе́дом разгово́р шёл о теа́тре ― za obédom razgovór šól o teátre ― at dinner the conversation turned to the theater
- за столо́м ― za stolóm ― at the table
- за игро́й ― za igrój ― while playing
- за кни́гой ― za knígoj ― while reading (specifically a book)
- за рабо́той ― za rabótoj ― while working
- за у́жином ― za úžinom ― while eating dinner
- за чте́нием ― za čténijem ― while reading (nothing specific implied)
- (of location) behind; beyond; on the other side of
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *za. Cognate with Old Armenian զ- (z-).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /za/
Preposition
за (Latin spelling za)
- (+ accusative case) for (expressing a reason)
- гласати за некога ― to vote for somebody
- продати нешто за 100 долара ― to sell something for a hundred dollars
- платити за радозналост ― to pay for one's curiosity
- бојати се за некога ― to fear for somebody
- доћи кући за празнике ― to come home for holiday season
- (+ instrumental case) behind, in back of, at (without change of position, answering the question гдје̏/где̏)
- Иди за мном. ― Follow me. (Go behind me.)
- сједити/седети за столом ― to sit at the table
- (+ genitive case) during
- за дана ― during the day, during daylight
- за живота ― during one's life
- за вр(иј)еме рата ― during the war
- (+ accusative case) to, toward
- цеста за Беч ― the road to Vienna
- путовати за Беч ― to travel to Vienna
- (+ accusative case) in (in expressions with time)
- доћи опет за неколико дана ― to come back in a few days
- претрчати 100 метара за 9 секунди ― to run 100 meters in 9 seconds
- (+ accusative case) by
- узети за руку ― to take by the hand
- ухватити за руку ― to grab by the arm
- вући за уши ― to pull by the ears
- (+ accusative case) for, as (with verbs denoting naming, appointing, declaring, considering etc)
- поставити некога за предс(ј)едника ― to appoint somebody a president
- држати некога за паметног чов(ј)ека ― to consider somebody a smart person
- (+ instrumental case) after
- један за другим ― one after another
- правити грешку за грешком ― to make one error after another; to make errors repeatedly
- поновите за мном ― repeat after me
- (+ instrumental case) for
- туговати за неким ― to grieve for somebody
- чезнути за срећом ― to yearn for happiness
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