灰
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Traditional | 灰 |
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| Simplified | 灰 |
| Japanese | 灰 |
| Korean | 灰 |
Han character
灰 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 大火 (KF), four-corner 40809 or 71289, composition ⿸𠂇火(GHTK) or ⿸厂火(JV or U+2F835))
References
- KangXi: page 665, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18859
- Dae Jaweon: page 1075, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2188, character 4
- Unihan data for U+7070
- Unihan data for U+2F835
Chinese
| trad. | 灰 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 灰 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 灰 | |
|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (灰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 又 (“hand”) + 火 (“fire”) – fire that can be touched with the hand (ash). 又 has been modified to 𠂇; compare 友 (“friend”), 右 (“right”).
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pʷut ~ hwut (“ashes, dust”) (STEDT; Schuessler (2007) reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *wu). Compare Mizo vutᴸ, Apatani mù-bu, Manipuri ut, Northern Tujia bu³ ci².
Pronunciation
Definitions
灰
Synonyms
- (dust):
Dialectal synonyms of 灰塵 (“dust”) [map]
- (heroin):
Dialectal synonyms of 海洛因 (“heroin”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 海洛因, 海洛英 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 白麵兒, 老海 |
| Taiwan | 海洛因, 白粉 | |
| Luoyang | 白麵兒, 老海 | |
| Xi'an | 白麵兒 | |
| Ürümqi | 白麵兒 | |
| Yangzhou | 白麵子 | |
| Singapore | 白粉 | |
| Dagudi (Maliba) | 白粉 | |
| Reshuitang (Longling) | 白粉, 粉藥 | |
| Mae Salong (Lancang) | 白粉, 粉藥 | |
| Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 白粉 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 白粉 |
| Hong Kong | 海洛英, 白粉, 粉, 灰, 四仔 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 白粉 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 白粉 | |
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 白粉 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 海洛英 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 白粉 | |
| Móng Cái | 白粉 | |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 海洛因 |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 海洛因 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 海洛因 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 海洛因 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 海洛因 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 海洛因 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 白粉 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 料子 |
| Xinzhou | 料子 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 海洛因 |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 白粉 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 白粉 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 白粉 |
| Wu | Danyang | 白粉, 白麵 |
| Wenzhou | 白粉 | |
- (disheartened):
Synonyms of 灰
Compounds
Derived terms from 灰
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Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 灰 – see 烌 (“(Min Nan) dust; ash”). (This character, 灰, is a variant form of 烌.) |
Pronunciation
Japanese
| Shinjitai | 灰 | |
| Kyūjitai [1] |
灰󠄁 灰+ 󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) |
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| 灰󠄃 灰+ 󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
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| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 灰 |
| はい Grade: 6 |
| kun’yomi |
Noun
- ash
- 塵は塵に、灰は灰に
- chiri wa chiri ni, hai wa hai ni
- dust to dust, ashes to ashes
- 塵は塵に、灰は灰に
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ka̠i]
References
- “灰”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia) (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Vietnamese
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