儕

See also: 侪 and 㑪
儕 U+5115, 儕
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5115
← 儔
[U+5114]
CJK Unified Ideographs 儖 →
[U+5116]

Translingual

Traditional 儕
Shinjitai
(extended)
㑪
Simplified 侪

Han character

儕 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+14, 16 strokes, cangjie input 人卜X (OYX), four-corner 20223, composition ⿰亻齊)

References

  • KangXi: page 119, character 38
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1227
  • Dae Jaweon: page 253, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 231, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+5115

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 儕



References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zriːl) : semantic 人 + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls).

Etymology 1

trad. 儕
simp. 侪

From 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls).

Pronunciation


Note: zai3 - due to confusion with 濟.

Rime
Character 儕
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 崇 (20)
Final (韻) 皆 (33)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 士皆切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʒˠɛi/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɖ͡ʐᵚæi/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʒɐi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɖ͡ʐəɨj/
Li
Rong
/d͡ʒɛi/
Wang
Li
/d͡ʒɐi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɖ͡ʐʱăi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chái
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
caai4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 儕
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chái
Middle
Chinese
‹ dzrɛj ›
Old
Chinese
/*[dz]ˁ<r>əj/
English category, equals

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 儕
Reading # 1/1
No. 10029
Phonetic
component
齊
Rime
group
脂
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
豺
Old
Chinese
/*zriːl/

Definitions

儕

  1. † fellows; associates; company; companion
  2. † to make (two people) become a pair; to make people marry
  3. † together; with each other

Compounds

  • 朋儕/朋侪
  • 詩酒朋儕/诗酒朋侪

Etymology 2

trad. 儕
simp. 侪
alternative forms 倽
畲

Possibly related to Proto-Tai *ʑaːjᴬ (“man; male”) (Luo and Deng, 1995; Li, 1997).

Pronunciation


Definitions

儕

  1. (Hakka, Min Zhong, in compounds) person
  2. (Hakka) Classifier for people.
Synonyms

Compounds

  • 坐儕毋知企儕苦/坐侪毋知企侪苦
  • 大人儕/大人侪
  • 幾儕/几侪
  • 打魚儕食魚屎/打鱼侪食鱼屎
  • 每儕/每侪
  • 老儕/老侪
  • 老儕事/老侪事
  • 逐儕/逐侪
  • 釘礱無㓾雞,三儕人罅挨/钉砻无㓾鸡,三侪人罅挨
  • 飯後一杯茶,餓死醫藥儕/饭后一杯茶,饿死医药侪
  • 麼儕/么侪

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 儕 – see 濟 (“(Min) many”).
(This character, 儕, is a variant form of 濟.)

Etymology 4

trad. 儕
simp. 侪
alternative forms 纔/才
裁
全

Origins unclear, possibly a development from 全.

First attested in writing in the Ming Dynasty, in The Mountain Songs (山歌) by Feng Monglong, either as a sound-borrowing or through grammaticalisation of Etymology 1. (Shen, 2017)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

  • Wu (Wiktionary): 3ze

Adverb

儕

  1. (Northern Wu) all; completely; each and every one out of a determinate quantity; always; under all circumstances
    大多數貓儕有綠眼睛。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    大多数猫侪有绿眼睛。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    From: 2007, Liejiong Xu, 《上海話「儕」與普通話「都」的異同》 (Similarities between Ze(儕) in Shanghai Dialect and Dou(都) in Mandarin)
    [d̥a̱²² tv̩ʷ⁵⁵ sv̩ʷ²¹ ʔmɔ⁵³ z̥e̞²³ ɦiɜ³³  lʊʔ¹¹ ŋe̞²² t͡ɕɪɲ²³] [IPA]
    Most cats have in common their green eyes.
    城裡向各店家。我儕問到個。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    城里向各店家。我侪问到个。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    From: 1908, 《土話指南》
    Each and every shop in the city; I have asked all of them.
    天浪太陽月亮,年年才是一樣。 [Suzhounese, trad.]
    天浪太阳月亮,年年才是一样。 [Suzhounese, simp.]
    From: 1949, Haishu Ni, 《蘇州話詩經》——〈天浪太陽月亮〉(The Sun and The Moon In the Sky, from The Suzhounese Book of Songs)
    The sun and the moon in the sky, always are the same year after year.

Synonyms

Compounds

  • 儕家/侪家
  • 儕部/侪部

Japanese

Shinjitai

㑪

Kyūjitai

儕

Kanji

儕

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 㑪)

  1. fellow
  2. together

Readings

Korean

Hanja

儕 (eum 제 (je))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

儕: Hán Nôm readings: sài

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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