| to increase; to expand; to add | benefit; increase | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (增益) |
增 | 益 | |
| alternative forms | 曾益 | ||
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 增 | 益 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 登 (129) | 清 (123) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 作滕切 | 伊昔切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡səŋ/ | /ʔiᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡səŋ/ | /ʔiɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡səŋ/ | /ʔiæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡səŋ/ | /ʔiajk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡səŋ/ | /ʔiɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡səŋ/ | /ĭɛk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡səŋ/ | /ʔi̯ɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zēng | yi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
zang1 | jik1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 增 | 益 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zēng | yì |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsong › | ‹ ʔjiek › |
| Old Chinese |
/*s-tˁəŋ/ | /*q[i]k/ (dialect: *-ik > *-ek) |
| English | increase | increase |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 增 | 益 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 16613 | 15081 |
| Phonetic component |
曾 | 益 |
| Rime group |
蒸 | 錫 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
益 | |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔsɯːŋ/ | /*qleɡ/ |