| as (if); such as | this; these | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (如此) | 如 | 此 | |
| simp. #(如此) | 如 | 此 | |
edit 如此餘矢／余矢 |
| Rime | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 如 | 如 | 此 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) | 日 (38) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 魚 (22) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 人諸切 | 人恕切 | 雌氏切 |
| Reconstructions | |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ȵɨʌ/ | /ȵɨʌH/ | /t͡sʰiᴇX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ȵiɔ/ | /ȵiɔH/ | /t͡sʰiɛX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȵʑiɔ/ | /ȵʑiɔH/ | /t͡sʰjɛX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ȵɨə̆/ | /ȵɨə̆H/ | /t͡sʰiə̆X/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȵiɔ/ | /ȵiɔH/ | /t͡sʰieX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȵʑĭo/ | /ȵʑĭoH/ | /t͡sʰǐeX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȵʑi̯wo/ | /ȵʑi̯woH/ | /t͡sʰie̯X/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
rú | rù | cǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
jyu4 | jyu6 | ci2 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 如 | 此 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
rú | cǐ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ nyo › | ‹ tshjeX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*na/ | /*[tsʰ]e(j)ʔ/ |
| English | as, like, if | this |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 如 | 如 | 此 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 9623 | 9631 | 1724 |
| Phonetic component |
女 | 女 | 此 |
| Rime group |
魚 | 魚 | 支 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
如 | 洳 | 此 |
| Old Chinese |
/*nja/ | /*njas/ | /*sʰeʔ/ |
| Notes | 甲文象足踏人背， 爲跐初文 | ||