批

批 U+6279, 批
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6279
← 扸
[U+6278]
CJK Unified Ideographs 扺 →
[U+627A]

Translingual

Han character

批 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 手心心 (QPP), four-corner 51010, composition ⿰扌比)

Derived characters

  • 𫵫

References

  • KangXi: page 419, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11845
  • Dae Jaweon: page 766, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1835, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6279

Chinese

trad. 批
simp. # 批
alternative forms 𠜱 Cantonese; Hakka; Teochew "to pare"
㓟 Cantonese and Teochew "to pare"
剕 Cantonese "to pare"
剖 Teochew "to pare"

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *pʰiː) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ).

Etymology

“to pare”
𠜱 (pī) is sometimes treated as the 本字 (běnzì, “original character”).
“pie”
Borrowed from English pie.
“pipe”
Borrowed from English pipe.
“vulva; cunt”
From the Sichuanese pronunciation of 屄 (pi1).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation


Note: erhua-ed - “fibres ready to be drawn and twisted”.
Note: originally pi1, but changed to pei1 because of homophony with 屄 (bī).
Note: phâi - “to peel”.
Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou:
    • phoe - vernacular;
    • phe - literary.
  • Jinjiang, mainstream Taiwan:
    • phoe - vernacular;
    • phi - literary.

Rime
Character 批
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 匹迷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pʰei/
Pan
Wuyun
/pʰei/
Shao
Rongfen
/pʰɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pʰɛj/
Li
Rong
/pʰei/
Wang
Li
/pʰiei/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pʰiei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
pī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
pai1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 批
Reading # 1/1
No. 499
Phonetic
component
比
Rime
group
脂
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
磇
Old
Chinese
/*pʰiː/

Definitions

批

  1. to slap
  2. (obsolete) to attack; to offend
  3. (obsolete) to eliminate; to discard
  4. to cut (into thin slices), peel, or shape with a knife or blade; to pare: to peel [fruits], to sharpen [pencils], etc.
    批蘋果/批苹果 [Cantonese]  ―  pai1 ping4 gwo2 [Jyutping]  ―  to peel an apple
  5. (Cantonese) to plaster
  6. (Cantonese) to hit with diagonal or horizontal motion
  7. to make comments and criticisms (to an inferior from a superior, regarding a submitted report, essay, etc.)
  8. (literary, or in compounds) comment; annotation; criticism
  9. to judge
  10. to criticize
  11. to approve
  12. (Cantonese) to guess; to predict
  13. (Min Dong, Hokkien, Puxian Min) letter (written or printed communication) (Classifier: 張/张; 封)
  14. (Teochew) letter from a foreign country
  15. to sell at wholesale
  16. Classifier for batches, groups, lots, etc (of merchandises).
  17. (colloquial) fibres of cotton, flax, etc. ready to be drawn and twisted
  18. (Cantonese) pie
    雞批/鸡批 [Cantonese]  ―  gai1 pai1 [Jyutping]  ―  chicken pie
    蘋果批/苹果批 [Cantonese]  ―  ping4 gwo2 pai1 [Jyutping]  ―  apple pie
    Synonym: 派 (pài)
    See also: 餡餅
  19. (Hong Kong Cantonese, rare) pipe
    生氣批/生气批 [Cantonese]  ―  saang1 hei3 pai1 [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
    死氣批/死气批 [Cantonese]  ―  sei2 hei3 pai1 [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
  20. (Southwestern Mandarin, Internet slang, vulgar) Alternative form of 屄 (bī).

Synonyms

  • (letter):

Compounds

See also

Further reading

Japanese

Kanji

批

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. criticism

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

批 • (bi, byeol) (hangeul 비, 별)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Readings

批: Hán Việt readings: phi
批: Nôm readings: phê, phe, phây

References

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.