비

비 U+BE44, 비
HANGUL SYLLABLE BI
Composition:ㅂ + ㅣ
← 빃
[U+BE43] 		Hangul Syllables 빅 →
[U+BE45]
비빅빆빇빈빉빊
빋빌빍빎빏빐빑
빒빓빔빕빖빗빘
빙빚빛빜빝빞빟
븨 ←→ 빠

Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 霏微 (Yale: *piWi). Hence the word was originally disyllabic; Alexander Vovin believes it was borrowed from Tungusic.[1]

In the Hangul script, first attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 비〮 (Yale: pí).

Pronunciation
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?bi
Revised Romanization (translit.)?bi
McCune–Reischauer?pi
Yale Romanization?pi
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 비의 / 비에 / 비까지

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable.

Noun

비 • (bi)

  1. rain
    어릴 적 나는 비가 하늘이 내려 주는 공짜 물이라고 생각했다.
    Eoril jeok na-neun biga haneur-i naeryeo juneun gongjja mur-irago saenggakhaetda.
    When I was young, I thought rain was free water from the sky.
    밖에 비가 와요. ― Bakk-e biga wayo. ― Outside, rain is falling.
Derived terms
See also

Etymology 2

First attested in the Neung'eomgyeong eonhae (楞嚴經諺解 / 능엄경언해), 1461, as Middle Korean 뷔〮 (Yale: pwúy).

Pronunciation
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?bi
Revised Romanization (translit.)?bi
McCune–Reischauer?pi
Yale Romanization?pi

Noun

비 • (bi)

  1. (dated) broom
    방을 비로 쓸다 ― bang-eul biro sseulda ― to sweep the room with a broom
    Synonym: (usual) 빗자루 (bitjaru)
Derived terms
  • 마당비 (madangbi)
  • 비질 (bijil)
  • 빗자루 (bitjaru)
  • 싸리비 (ssaribi)

Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 碑, from the Middle Korean reading 비 (Yale: pì).

Pronunciation
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?bi
Revised Romanization (translit.)?bi
McCune–Reischauer?pi
Yale Romanization?pi

Noun

비 • (bi) (hanja 碑)

  1. gravestone; tombstone
    Synonym: 묘비(墓碑) (myobi)
  2. stone engraved with memorial text
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Borrowed from English b.

Pronunciation
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?bi
Revised Romanization (translit.)?bi
McCune–Reischauer?pi
Yale Romanization?pi

Noun

비 • (bi)

  1. The Korean reading of the Latin alphabet letter b.

Etymology 5

Sino-Korean word from 非.

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pi(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [비(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?bi
Revised Romanization (translit.)?bi
McCune–Reischauer?pi
Yale Romanization?pī

Prefix

비— • (bi-) (hanja 非)

  1. un-; in-; non-
    비공식 (非公式) ― unofficial
    비공개 (非公開) ― private (lit. not made public)
Derived terms

Etymology 6

Sino-Korean word from 費.

Suffix

—비 • (-bi) (hanja 費)

  1. cost, fee; expense
    생활비 (生活費) ― living expenses
    교육비 (敎育費) ― cost of education
Derived terms

Etymology 7

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

Syllable

비 (bi)

Extended content
  1. 比:
    (MC reading: 比 (MC biɪ, piɪX, biɪH, piɪH, biɪt̚))
  2. 非:
    (MC reading: 非 (MC pʉi))
  3. 悲:
    (MC reading: 悲 (MC pˠiɪ))
  4. 飛:
    (MC reading: 飛 (MC pʉi))
  5. 鼻:
    (MC reading: 鼻 (MC biɪH))
  6. 備:
    (MC reading: 備 (MC bˠiɪH))
  7. 批:
    (MC reading: 批 (MC pʰei))
  8. 卑:
    (MC reading: 卑 (MC piᴇ))
  9. 婢:
    (MC reading: 婢 (MC biᴇX))
  10. 碑:
    (MC reading: 碑 (MC pˠiᴇ))
  11. 妃:
    (MC reading: 妃 (MC pʰʉi, pʰuʌiH))
  12. 肥:
    (MC reading: 肥 (MC bʉi))
  13. 祕:
    (MC reading: 祕 (MC pˠiɪH))
  14. 費:
    (MC reading: 費 (MC pˠiɪH, pʰʉiH, bʉiH))
  15. 庇:
    (MC reading: 庇 (MC piɪH))
  16. 枇:
    (MC reading: 枇 (MC biɪ, piɪX, biɪH))
  17. 琵:
    (MC reading: 琵 (MC biɪ))
  18. 扉:
    (MC reading: 扉 (MC pʉi))
  19. 譬:
    (MC reading: 譬 (MC pʰiᴇH))
  20. 丕:
    (MC reading: 丕 (MC pʰˠiɪ))
  21. 匕:
    (MC reading: 匕 (MC piɪX))
  22. 匪:
    (MC reading: 匪 (MC pʉiX))
  23. 憊:
    (MC reading: 憊 (MC bˠɛiH))
  24. 斐:
    (MC reading: 斐 (MC pʰʉiX))
  25. 榧:
    (MC reading: 榧 (MC pʉiX))
  26. 毖:
    (MC reading: 毖 (MC pˠiɪH))
  27. 毗:
    (MC reading: 毗 (MC biɪ))
  28. 沸:
    (MC reading: 沸 (MC pʉiH))
  29. 泌:
    (MC reading: 泌 (MC pˠiɪH, biɪt̚, pˠiɪt̚))
  30. 痺:
    (MC reading: 痺 (MC piᴇ))
  31. 砒:
    (MC reading: 砒)
  32. 秕:
    (MC reading: 秕 (MC piɪX))
  33. 粃:
    (MC reading: 粃)
  34. 緋:
    (MC reading: 緋 (MC pʉi))
  35. 翡:
    (MC reading: 翡 (MC bʉiH))
  36. 脾:
    (MC reading: 脾 (MC biᴇ))
  37. 臂:
    (MC reading: 臂 (MC piᴇH))
  38. 菲:
    (MC reading: 菲 (MC pʰʉi, pʰʉiX, bʉiH))
  39. 蜚:
    (MC reading: 蜚 (MC pʉiX, bʉiH))
  40. 裨:
    (MC reading: 裨 (MC piᴇ, biᴇ))
  41. 誹:
    (MC reading: 誹 (MC pʉi, pʉiH))
  42. 鄙:
    (MC reading: 鄙 (MC pˠiɪX))
  43. 棐:
    (MC reading: 棐 (MC pʉiX))
  44. 庀:
    (MC reading: 庀 (MC pʰiᴇX))
  45. 奜:
    (MC reading: 奜 (MC pʰʉiX))
  46. 霏:
    (MC reading: 霏 (MC pʰʉi))
  47. 俾:
    (MC reading: 俾 (MC pˠiᴇX))
  48. 馡:
    (MC reading: 馡 (MC pʉi))
  49. 伾:
    (MC reading: 伾 (MC pʰˠiɪ))
  50. 仳:
    (MC reading: 仳 (MC biɪ, pʰiᴇX, bˠiɪX))
  51. 剕:
    (MC reading: 剕)
  52. 圮:
    (MC reading: 圮 (MC bˠiɪX))
  53. 埤:
    (MC reading: 埤 (MC biᴇ))
  54. 妣:
    (MC reading: 妣 (MC piɪX))
  55. 屁:
    (MC reading: 屁 (MC pʰiɪH))
  56. 庳:
    (MC reading: 庳 (MC biᴇX))
  57. 悱:
    (MC reading: 悱 (MC pʰʉiX))
  58. 椑:
    (MC reading: 椑 (MC piᴇ, bei, biᴇk̚, bek̚))
  59. 沘:
    (MC reading: 沘 (MC biɪ, piɪX))
  60. 淝:
    (MC reading: 淝 (MC bʉi))
  61. 淠:
    (MC reading: 淠 (MC pʰˠiɪH))
  62. 濞:
    (MC reading: 濞 (MC pʰˠiɪH, pʰeiH))
  63. 狒:
    (MC reading: 狒 (MC bʉiH))
  64. 狉:
    (MC reading: 狉)
  65. 痞:
    (MC reading: 痞 (MC pˠiɪX, bˠiɪX, pɨuX))
  66. 痹:
    (MC reading: 痹 (MC piɪH))
  67. 睥:
    (MC reading: 睥 (MC pʰeiH))
  68. 篦:
    (MC reading: 篦 (MC pei))
  69. 紕:
    (MC reading: 紕 (MC biᴇ, pʰiɪ, t͡ɕʰɨX))
  70. 羆:
    (MC reading: 羆 (MC pˠiᴇ))
  71. 腓:
    (MC reading: 腓 (MC bʉi, bʉiH))
  72. 芘:
    (MC reading: 芘 (MC biɪ, biɪH))
  73. 芾:
    (MC reading: 芾 (MC pʉiH, pɑiH, pɨut̚))
  74. 萆:
    (MC reading: 萆 (MC sɨX, biᴇk̚))
  75. 蓖:
    (MC reading: 蓖 (MC pei))
  76. 蚍:
    (MC reading: 蚍 (MC biɪ))
  77. 貔:
    (MC reading: 貔 (MC biɪ))
  78. 贔:
    (MC reading: 贔 (MC bˠiɪH))
  79. 轡:
    (MC reading: 轡 (MC pˠiɪH))
  80. 邳:
    (MC reading: 邳 (MC bˠiɪ))
  81. 郫:
    (MC reading: 郫 (MC bˠiᴇ, biᴇ, bˠɛ))
  82. 閟:
    (MC reading: 閟 (MC pˠiɪH))
  83. 陴:
    (MC reading: 陴 (MC biᴇ))
  84. 鞴:
    (MC reading: 鞴 (MC bˠiɪH, buoH, bɨuk̚))
  85. 騑:
    (MC reading: 騑 (MC pʰʉi, pʉi))
  86. 騛:
    (MC reading: 騛 (MC pʉi))
  87. 髀:
    (MC reading: 髀 (MC pˠiᴇX, piɪX, beiX))
  88. 鼙:
    (MC reading: 鼙 (MC bei))
  89. 秘: Alternative form of 祕
    (MC reading: 秘 (MC pˠiɪH))
  90. 毘: Alternative form of 毗
    (MC reading: 毘)

References
  1. Alexander Vovin (2000), “Pre-Hankul Materials, Koreo-Japonic, and Altaic”, in Korean Studies, volume 24, pages 142—155

Middle Korean

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /pí/

Noun

비〮 (pí) (locative 비〮예〮 (pí-yéy))

  1. rain

Descendants
  • Korean: 비 (bi)
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