浮雲

See also: 浮云

Chinese

	to float	cloud; (abbr.) for Yunnan; surname
trad. (浮雲)	浮	雲
simp. (浮云)	浮	云
anagram	雲浮／云浮

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fúyún

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ ㄩㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fau⁴ wan⁴
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): phû-hûn

(Teochew, Peng'im): pu⁵ hung⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fúyún
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ ㄩㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fúyún
  - Wade–Giles: fu²-yün²
  - Yale: fú-yún
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwuyun
  - Palladius: фуюнь (fujunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵ yn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fau⁴ wan⁴
  - Yale: fàuh wàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fau⁴ wan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: feo⁴ wen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐu̯²¹ wɐn²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phû-hûn
  - Tâi-lô: phû-hûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phu'huun
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pʰu²⁴⁻²² hun²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰu²⁴⁻²² hun²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰu¹³⁻²² hun¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ hun²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰu²³⁻³³ hun²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: pu⁵ hung⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phû hûng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /bɨu ɦɨun/

Rime
Character	浮	雲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	縛謀切	王分切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨu/	/ɦɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/biu/	/ɦiun/
Shao Rongfen	/biəu/	/ɣiuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buw/	/ɦun/
Li Rong	/biu/	/ɣiuən/
Wang Li	/bĭəu/	/ɣĭuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ə̯u/	/i̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fóu	yún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fau⁴	wan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m.b(r)u [ɢ]ʷə[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*bu ɢun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	浮	雲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fú	yún
Middle Chinese	‹ bjuw ›	‹ hjun ›
Old Chinese	/*m.b(r)u/	/*[ɢ]ʷə[n]/
English	float (v.)	cloud
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	浮	雲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3346	16358
Phonetic component	孚	云
Rime group	幽	文
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	浮	雲
Old Chinese	/*bu/	/*ɢun/

Noun

浮雲

(literary) floating cloud(s)
- 不義而富且貴，於我如浮雲。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  不义而富且贵，于我如浮云。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Bùyì ér fù qiě guì, yú wǒ rú fúyún. [Pinyin]
  Riches and honours acquired by unrighteousness, are to me as a floating cloud.
- 上決浮雲，下絕地紀。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  上决浮云，下绝地纪。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE
  Shàng jué fúyún, xià jué dìjì. [Pinyin]
  Above, (the sword) cleaves the floating clouds; and below, it penetrates to every division of the earth.
(literary or Mainland China slang, figurative) something not worth cherishing; unimportant matter
神馬都是浮雲／神马都是浮云 ― shénmǎ dōu shì fúyún ― everything is nothing
(literary, figurative) passing time
(literary, figurative) evil and crafty minister
(literary, figurative) life of a vagrant
(literary, figurative, calligraphy) lively, flowing brushwork

Derived terms

富貴如浮雲／富贵如浮云
富貴浮雲／富贵浮云
決浮雲／决浮云
浮雲富貴／浮云富贵
浮雲朝露／浮云朝露
浮雲翳日／浮云翳日

浮雲蔽日／浮云蔽日
浮雲遊子／浮云游子
浮雲驚龍／浮云惊龙
神馬都是浮雲／神马都是浮云 (shénmǎ dōu shì fúyún)
過眼浮雲／过眼浮云

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (浮雲):

→ Japanese: 浮雲(ふうん) (fuun)
→ Korean: 부운(浮雲) (buun)
→ Vietnamese: phù vân (浮雲)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
浮	雲
うき Grade: S	くも > ぐも Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Shift from older ukikumo,[1][2] itself a compound of 浮(う)き (uki, “floating”) + 雲(くも) (kumo, “cloud”). The kumo changes to gumo as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Alternative forms

浮き雲

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) うきぐも [ùkígúmó] (Heiban – [0])[2]
IPA^(key): [ɯ̟ᵝkʲiɡɯ̟ᵝmo̞]

Noun

浮(うき)雲(ぐも) • (ukigumo)

a drifting or floating cloud

Proverb

浮(うき)雲(ぐも) • (ukigumo)

instability

Proper noun

浮(うき)雲(ぐも) • (Ukigumo)

a novel by Futabatei Shimei (see The Drifting Cloud on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )
a novel by Fumiko Hayashi

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
浮	雲
ふ Grade: S	うん Grade: 2
kan’yōon	on’yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 浮雲 (MC bɨu ɦɨun).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ふうん [fùúń] (Heiban – [0])[2]
IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟̃ᵝːɴ]

Noun

浮(ふ)雲(うん) • (fuun)

a drifting or floating cloud

Proverb

浮(ふ)雲(うん) • (fuun)

instability

References

1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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[1] 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN