精神

Chinese
 
energy; perfect; excellent
energy; perfect; excellent; refined; very; proficient
 
God; unusual; mysterious
God; unusual; mysterious; soul; spirit; divine essence; lively; spiritual being
trad. (精神) 精 神
simp. #(精神) 精 神

Pronunciation 1

Note: zêng1 sêng5 - Jieyang.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: 1jin-zen
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕɪɲ⁵⁵ z̥əɲ²¹/
Rime
Character 精 神
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13) 船 (27)
Final (韻) 清 (121) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 子盈切 食鄰切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡siᴇŋ/ /ʑiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡siɛŋ/ /ʑin/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡siæŋ/ /ʑjen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡siajŋ/ /ʑin/
Li
Rong		 /t͡siɛŋ/ /d͡ʑiĕn/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sĭɛŋ/ /d͡ʑĭĕn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡si̯ɛŋ/ /d͡ʑʰi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jīng shén
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zing1 san4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 精 神
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jīng shén
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsjeng › ‹ zyin ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tseŋ/ /*Cə.li[n]/
English fine rice; pure spirit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 精 神
Reading # 1/2 1/1
No. 11327 11245
Phonetic
component		 生 申
Rime
group		 耕 眞
Rime
subdivision		 0 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 精 神
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔsleŋ/ /*hlin/

Noun

精神

  1. spirit; soul; will
    創業精神／创业精神  ―  chuàngyè jīngshén  ―  enterprising spirit
    工匠精神  ―  gōngjiàng jīngshén  ―  craftsman's spirit
    批判精神  ―  pīpàn jīngshén  ―  critical spirit
    建黨精神／建党精神  ―  jiàndǎng jīngshén  ―  founding spirit of the party
    昂揚的革命精神／昂扬的革命精神  ―  ángyáng de gémìng jīngshén  ―  elated revolutionary spirit
  2. (psychology, psychiatry) mind; mental state
    精神不健全  ―  jīngshén bù jiànquán  ―  to be mentally unsound; unsoundness of mind
  3. drive; energy; vigor
    他的父親看起來是一位精神矍鑠的老人。 [MSC, trad.]
    他的父亲看起来是一位精神矍铄的老人。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā de fùqīn kànqilai shì yī wèi jīngshén juéshuò de lǎorén. [Pinyin]
    His father looks like a sprightly old man.
  4. essence; gist
Synonyms
  • (energy):

Adjective

精神

  1. (attributive) spiritual; immaterial; cultural
    精神家園／精神家园  ―  jīngshén jiāyuán  ―  spiritual home
  2. (attributive) mental; psychiatric; psychological
See also

Derived terms
Derived terms from 精神

Pronunciation 2

Adjective

精神

  1. lively; active; brisk; in good spirits; spirited; energetic
    笑到精神嗮 [Cantonese]  ―  siu3 dou3 zing1 san4 saai3 [Jyutping]  ―  to laugh oneself awake
  2. (Northeastern Mandarin) pretty; handsome
  3. (Jianghuai Mandarin) cautious; alert
  4. (Jiaoliao Mandarin) shrewd

Verb

精神

  1. (Hokkien) to wake up; to be awake
Synonyms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (精神):

Japanese
Kanji in this term
精 神
せい
Grade: 5		 しん
Grade: 3
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
精神 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

Noun

精(せい)神(しん) • (seishin) 

  1. psyche; spirit; soul; mind; will
    • 2003 November 20, “ゴギガ・ガガギゴ [Gogiga Gagagigo]”, in 天空の聖域 [The Sanctuary in the Sky], Konami:
      既(すで)に精(せい)神(しん)は崩(ほう)壊(かい)し、肉(にく)体(たい)は更(さら)なるパワーを求(もと)めて暴(ぼう)走(そう)する。その姿(すがた)にかつての面(おも)影(かげ)はない…。
      Sude ni seishin wa hōkaishi, nikutai wa saranaru pawā o motomete bōsōsuru. Sono sugata ni katsute no omokage wa nai….
      His mind long since collapsed, his body recklessly continues craving even more power. He no longer resembles his former self….

Derived terms

Korean
Hanja in this term
精神

Noun

精神 • (jeongsin) (hangeul 정신)

  1. Hanja form? of 정신 (“spirit, mind”).

Vietnamese
Hán tự in this term
精神

Noun

精神

  1. chữ Hán form of tinh thần (“spirit, mind”).
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