呆

See also: 騃, 獃, and 杏

呆	U+5446, 呆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5446

← 呅
[U+5445]

CJK Unified Ideographs

呇 →
[U+5447]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

呆 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口木 (RD), four-corner 6090₄, composition ⿱口木)

Derived characters

保㙅㳭𨹦𣍀槑𣔣𠻇𣞃宲棠楶𦹂襃

References

KangXi: page 181, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3395
Dae Jaweon: page 399, character 10
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 585, character 11
Unihan data for U+5446

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1: Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 口 (“mouth”) + 木 (“wood”) – dull; wooden.
Etymology 2: See 保.
Etymology 3: Simplified from 槑 (méi).

Etymology 1

trad.		呆
simp. ^#		呆
alternative forms		獃騃／𫘤𤶗

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dāi, ái (dai¹, ai²)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄞ, ㄞˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngoi⁴, daai¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ngôi

(Meixian, Guangdong): ngoi²
Min Dong (BUC): ngài
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tai / gâi

(Teochew, Peng'im): ngai⁵ / dai¹
Wu (Wiktionary): ¹te; ³nge

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dāi
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄞ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dai
  - Wade–Giles: tai¹
  - Yale: dāi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dai
  - Palladius: дай (daj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ái
  - Zhuyin: ㄞˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ái
  - Wade–Giles: ai²
  - Yale: ái
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: air
  - Palladius: ай (aj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀaɪ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ngoi⁴, daai¹
  - Yale: ngòih, dāai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngoi⁴, daai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngoi⁴, dai¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːi̯²¹/, /taːi̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngôi
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngoi´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngoi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋoi̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ngoi²
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋoɪ¹¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngài
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋai⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tai
  - Tâi-lô: tai
  - Phofsit Daibuun: day
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tai⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tai³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gâi
  - Tâi-lô: gâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gaai
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡai¹³/

Note:

tai - vernacular;
gâi - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ngai⁵ / dai¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngâi / tai
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋai⁵⁵/, /tai³³/

Note: ngai5 - used in 呆板.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ¹te; ³nge
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /te̞⁵³/, /ŋe̞²³/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tɯː/, /*ŋɯː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	呆	呆
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1956	1957
Phonetic component	呆	呆
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	𪒴	皚
Old Chinese	/*tɯː/	/*ŋɯː/
Notes	懛今字	獃今字

Definitions

呆

dull; wooden
dull-minded; simple; stupid
(Min Dong) bad
(chiefly Mainland China) Alternative form of 待 (“to stay”).
在廣州呆了十幾年 [MSC, trad.]
在广州呆了十几年 [MSC, simp.]
zài guǎngzhōu dāile shí jǐ nián [Pinyin]
was in Guangzhou for 10 or so years
a surname: Dai

Synonyms

(bad):

Dialectal synonyms of 壞 (“bad; not good”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		惡
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		壞
Mandarin	Beijing	壞, 賴
	Taiwan	壞
	Jinan	壞, 孬, 賴
	Xi'an	瞎, 壞
	Wuhan	壞, 拐
	Chengdu	壞
	Yangzhou	壞
	Hefei	壞
	Malaysia	壞
	Singapore	壞
Cantonese	Guangzhou	壞, 弊, 衰
	Hong Kong	壞, 衰
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	衰
	Yangjiang	壞
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	衰
	Singapore (Guangfu)	衰
Gan	Nanchang	壞
Hakka	Meixian	壞
Hakka	Wuhua (Meilin)	衰
Jin	Taiyuan	賴, 壞
Min Bei	Jian'ou	壞, 獰
Min Dong	Fuzhou	呆, 否
Min Nan	Xiamen	歹, 䆀
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	歹
	Quanzhou	歹
	Jinjiang	歹
	Nan'an	歹
	Shishi	歹
	Zhangzhou	䆀
	Zhao'an	䆀, 孬
	Tainan	歹
	Penang (Hokkien)	䆀, 歹
	Singapore (Hokkien)	歹
	Manila (Hokkien)	歹
	Datian	歹
	Chaozhou	孬
	Shantou	孬
	Jieyang	孬, 歹
	Singapore (Teochew)	歹, 孬
	Leizhou	㾀
	Wenchang	㾀
	Haikou	㾀
	Singapore (Hainanese)	㾀
Wu	Shanghai	壞, 恘
	Suzhou	壞, 恘
	Ningbo	歪, 推扳, 嘸做
	Wenzhou	毛
Xiang	Changsha	壞, 拐
Xiang	Shuangfeng	壞, 拐

(stupid):

edit

Synonyms of 呆

呆傻 (dāishǎ)
呆痴 (dāichī)
愚昧 (yúmèi)
愚笨 (yúbèn)
愚蠢 (yúchǔn)
拙 (zhuō) (literary, or in compounds)
拙笨 (zhuōbèn)
暗昧 (ànmèi)
棒槌 (bàngchuí)
痴呆 (chīdāi)

笨 (bèn)
笨拙 (bènzhuō)
臭笨 (Min Nan)
袋屎 (Min Nan)
袋屎袋尿 (Min Nan)
阿西 (Min Nan)
𡳞面 (Min Nan, vulgar)
愚戇／愚戆 (Min Nan)
愚鈍／愚钝 (yúdùn)
撚樣／撚样 (Cantonese, vulgar)

海鱟／海鲎 (Min Nan)
混鈍／混钝 (Min Nan)
發踱／发踱 (Wu)
笨車車／笨车车 (Min Nan)
蠢氣／蠢气 (Xiang)
遲鈍／迟钝 (chídùn)
鱟 (Min Nan)
鳩拙／鸠拙 (jiūzhuó) (literary)
𡳞鳥面／𡳞鸟面 (Min Nan, vulgar)

Compounds

呆了一呆
呆住 (dāizhù)
呆呆地
呆坐
呆子 (dāizi)
呆小症
呆想
呆木大
呆板 (dāibǎn)
呆水位
呆瓜 (dāiguā)
呆登登
呆立
呆笑
呆答孩
呆答答
孝呆 (hàu-tai) (Min Nan)
懵懂痴呆
打呆歌
痴呆 (chīdāi)
痴呆懵懂

痴呆症 (chīdāizhèng)
目呆口咂
目定口呆
目瞪口呆 (mùdèngkǒudāi)
目瞪神呆
看呆
老伯呆
老阿呆
干呆
口舌呆鈍／口舌呆钝
呆不龍咚／呆不龙咚
呆似木雞／呆似木鸡
呆僗／呆𫢬
呆呆掙掙／呆呆挣挣
呆呆鄧鄧／呆呆邓邓
呆帳／呆帐
呆打頦／呆打颏
呆掙／呆挣
呆滯／呆滞 (dāizhì)
呆滯物料／呆滞物料
呆漢／呆汉

呆緻緻／呆致致
呆老漢／呆老汉
呆腦呆頭／呆脑呆头
呆若木雞／呆若木鸡 (dāiruòmùjī)
呆著臉／呆著脸
呆裡撒奸／呆里撒奸
呆貨／呆货
呆鄧鄧／呆邓邓
呆頭呆腦／呆头呆脑 (dāitóudāinǎo)
呆頭木腦／呆头木脑
呆鳥／呆鸟
嚇呆／吓呆 (xiàdāi)
撇呆打墮／撇呆打堕
書呆子／书呆子 (shūdāizi)
發呆／发呆 (fādāi)
目睜口呆／目睁口呆
裝憨打呆／装憨打呆
賣呆／卖呆
賣呆兒／卖呆儿
鄧鄧呆呆／邓邓呆呆

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 呆 – see 保 (“to raise; to rear; to keep; to maintain; etc.”). (This character, 呆, is a variant form of 保.)

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 呆 *– see 梅 (“Prunus mume; etc.”).* (This character, 呆, is a variant form of 梅.)

Japanese

Kanji

呆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

amazed, disgusted, shocked

Readings

Go-on: ほ (ho); がい (gai)
Kan-on: ほう (hō); がい (gai)
Kan’yō-on: ぼう (bō); たい (tai)
Kun: あきる (akiru, 呆る); あきれる (akireru, 呆れる); ほける (hokeru, 呆ける); ほうける (hōkeru, 呆ける); ぼける (bokeru, 呆ける)

Korean

Hanja

呆 (eumhun 어리석을 매 (eoriseogeul mae))

Hanja form^? of 매 (“dull-minded; simple; stupid”).

Compounds

치매 (癡呆/痴呆, chimae, “(medicine) dementia”)

Vietnamese

Han character

呆: Hán Nôm readings: ngốc

stupid, naive, foolish

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