徭役

Chinese

		compulsory service	service
trad. (徭役/繇役)		徭/繇	役
simp. (徭役)		徭	役
alternative forms		傜役

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yáoyì

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˊ ㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu⁴ jik⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yáoyì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˊ ㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yáoyì
  - Wade–Giles: yao²-i⁴
  - Yale: yáu-yì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yauyih
  - Palladius: яои (jaoi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯³⁵ i⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    徭役
    搖曳／摇曳
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jiu⁴ jik⁶
  - Yale: yìuh yihk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jiu⁴ jik⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yiu⁴ yig⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯²¹ jɪk̚²/

Middle Chinese: /jwiᴇk̚/

Rime
Character	役
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	清 (124)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	營隻切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jwiᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jʷiɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iuæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jwiajk̚/
Li Rong	/iuɛk̚/
Wang Li	/jĭwɛk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯wɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wik⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*law ɢʷek/

(Zhengzhang): /*lew ɢʷeɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	徭	役
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yáo	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ yew ›	‹ ywek ›
Old Chinese	/*law/	/*ɢʷek/
English	public or military service	war expedition; service
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	徭	役
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	14707	15006
Phonetic component	謠	役
Rime group	宵	錫
Rime subdivision	3	0
Corresponding MC rime	遙	役
Old Chinese	/*lew/	/*ɢʷeɡ/
Notes	傜分化字見韓非子，廣韻集韻只作傜此見玉篇

Noun

徭役

(literary) forced labor, slavery

Synonyms

(literary) 民事 (mínshì)

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