扎

See also: 紮

扎	U+624E, 扎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-624E

← 才
[U+624D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

扏 →
[U+624F]

Translingual

Han character

扎 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 手山 (QU) or X手山 (XQU), four-corner 5201₀, composition ⿰扌乚)

References

KangXi: page 417, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11771
Dae Jaweon: page 763, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1825, character 3
Unihan data for U+624E

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乙) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
劜	*qreːd
札	*sqriːd
扎	*sqriːd
蚻	*ʔsriːd
紮	*ʔsriːd
軋	*qriːd
圠	*qriːd
穵	qriːd, qʷriːd
挖	*qʷriːd
鳦	qriːd, qrid
耴	ŋrid, teb
乙	*qriɡ
肊	*qrɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sqriːd) : semantic 手 + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		扎

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhā, zā, zhá (zha¹, za¹, zha²)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄚ, ㄗㄚ, ㄓㄚˊ

(Chengdu, SP): za²
Cantonese (Jyutping): zaat³, zaap³
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chah / chat

(Teochew, Peng'im): zab⁴ / zag⁴ / za⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): ⁴tsaq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhā
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jha
  - Wade–Giles: cha¹
  - Yale: jā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ja
  - Palladius: чжа (čža)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zā
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: za
  - Wade–Giles: tsa¹
  - Yale: dzā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tza
  - Palladius: цза (cza)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhá
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhá
  - Wade–Giles: cha²
  - Yale: já
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jar
  - Palladius: чжа (čža)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂä³⁵/

Note:

zhā - “to stab, to prick, to puncture”;
zā (Mainland), zhá (Taiwan) - “to fasten, to tie, to bind”;
zhā (Mainland), zhá (Taiwan) - “to be stationed”;
zhá - used in 掙扎 and 扎掙.

- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: za²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: za
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sa²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zaat³, zaap³
  - Yale: jaat, jaap
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzaat⁸, dzaap⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: zad³, zab³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːt̚³/, /t͡saːp̚³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chah / chat
  - Tâi-lô: tsah / tsat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zaq, zad
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡saʔ³²/, /t͡sat̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡saʔ⁵/, /t͡sat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡saʔ³²/, /t͡sat̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡saʔ³²/, /t͡sat̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡saʔ³²/, /t͡sat̚³²/

Note:

chah - vernacular;
chat - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zab⁴ / zag⁴ / za⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsap / tsak / tsa
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sap̚²/, /t͡sak̚²/, /t͡sa²/

Note: zag4 - “to fasten, to tie, to bind”, used in 掙扎 and 扎掙).

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ⁴tsaq
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sa̱ʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ʃˠat̚/

Rime
Character	扎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	山 (71)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	側八切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃˠat̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂᵚat̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂaɨt̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃat̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃat̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂăt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zha
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zaat³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sqriːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	扎
Reading #	1/1
No.	14911
Phonetic component	乙
Rime group	質
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	札
Old Chinese	/*sqriːd/
Notes	札分化字，注出家語而今本爲札

Definitions

扎

Alternative form of 札.
1. (Classical Chinese) to pull
to stab; to prick; to puncture
to tie; to fasten; to bundle
to be stationed; to be quartered (of troops)
(loanword) Classifier for jars.

Compounds

也克先拜巴扎 (Yěkèxiān Bàibāzhā)
匾扎
半扎
安扎
扎乎
扎住
扎嘴
扎堆 (zhāduī)
扎心 (zhāxīn)
扎手 (zhāshǒu)
扎括
扎掂
扎撒
扎根 (zhāgēn)
扎煞
扎猛子 (zhāměngzi)
扎瓦 (Zhāwǎ)

扎眉扎眼
扎眼 (zhāyǎn)
扎筏子
扎耳朵
扎花
扎草
托克扎克 (Tuōkèzhākè)
抄扎
拽扎
排先拜巴扎 (Páixiānbàibāzhā)
眼扎毛
瞎扎呼
立扎
麻扎塔格 (Mázhātǎgé)
一扎腳／一扎脚
乞力馬扎羅山／乞力马扎罗山 (Qǐlìmǎzhāluó Shān)

刀割針扎／刀割针扎
垂死掙扎／垂死挣扎
扎墊／扎垫
扎實／扎实 (zhāshi)
扎手舞腳／扎手舞脚
扎掙／扎挣
扎槍／扎枪
扎空槍／扎空枪
扎窩子／扎窝子
扎縛／扎缚
扎罰子／扎罚子
扎腦門兒／扎脑门儿
扎腳／扎脚
扎針／扎针 (zházhēn)
掙扎／挣扎 (zhēngzhá)
點扎／点扎

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 扎 – see 紮 (“to tie; to bind; bundle; etc.”). (This character, 扎, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 紮.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

“扎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

扎

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): さつ (satsu); あつ (atsu)
Kun: ぬく (nuku); かまえる (kamaeru)

Korean

Hanja

扎 (eum 찰 (chal))

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Vietnamese

Han character

扎: Hán Nôm readings: trát

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