盤桓

Chinese

		dish; tray; to build dish; tray; to build; to check; to examine; to transfer; (a measure word used for dishes of food or coils of wire); to coil	surname; Sapindus mukurosi
trad. (盤桓)		盤	桓
simp. (盘桓)		盘	桓
alternative forms		槃桓磐桓

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pánhuán

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pun⁴ wun⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pánhuán
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pánhuán
  - Wade–Giles: pʻan²-huan²
  - Yale: pán-hwán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parnhwan
  - Palladius: паньхуань (panʹxuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰän³⁵ xwän³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: pun⁴ wun⁴
  - Yale: pùhn wùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pun⁴ wun⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: pun⁴ wun⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuːn²¹ wuːn²¹/

Middle Chinese: /buɑn ɦuɑn/

Rime
Character	盤	桓
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	薄官切	胡官切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buɑn/	/ɦuɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷɑn/	/ɦʷɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/buɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwan/	/ɦwan/
Li Rong	/buɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Wang Li	/buɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pán	huán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pun⁴	wun⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤan [ɢ]ʷˤar/

(Zhengzhang): /*baːn ɡʷaːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	盤	桓
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pán	huán
Middle Chinese	‹ ban ›	‹ hwan ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ˁan/	/*[ɢ]ʷˁar/
English	tray, basin	pillar; martial-looking
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	盤	桓
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	232	14004
Phonetic component	般	亘
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	槃	桓
Old Chinese	/*baːn/	/*ɡʷaːn/
Notes	籀文槃

Verb

盤桓

to walk back and forth; to roam around
to spiral around; to circle around
to stay; to stop over
(figurative) to hesitate; to be indecisive

Synonyms

(to pace back and forth):

彷徨 (pánghuáng)
徘徊 (páihuái)
盤旋／盘旋 (pánxuán)

走來走去／走来走去 (zǒuláizǒuqù)
踟躕／踟蹰 (chíchú)
躑躅／踯躅 (zhízhú)

(to stay):

停 (tíng)
停留 (tíngliú)
勾留 (gōuliú)
蹲 (dūn) (figurative)

逋留 (būliú) (literary)
逗留 (dòuliú)
駐／驻 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)

(to hesitate):

Synonyms of 盤桓

巡巡 (xúnxún) (literary)
彳亍 (chìchù) (literary, figurative)
彷徨 (pánghuáng) (figurative)
徘徊 (páihuái) (figurative)
拿不定主意 (nábùdìng zhǔyì)
游移 (yóuyí)
逡巡 (qūnxún) (literary)

猶疑／犹疑 (yóuyí)
猶豫／犹豫 (yóuyù)
疑蟯／疑蛲 (Min Nan)
膩 (Sichuanese)
躊躇／踌躇 (chóuchú)
遲疑／迟疑 (chíyí)

Adjective

盤桓

(Classical Chinese) large

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (盤桓):

→ Korean: 반환(盤桓) (banhwan)

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