星
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han character
星 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 日竹手一 (AHQM), four-corner 60104, composition ⿱日生)
References
- KangXi: page 492, character 21
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13837
- Dae Jaweon: page 855, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1500, character 12
- Unihan data for U+661F
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
星 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | ||
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 猜 | *sʰlɯː |
| 輤 | *sʰleːns |
| 綪 | *sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ |
| 倩 | *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs |
| 棈 | *sʰleːns |
| 蒨 | *sʰeːns |
| 篟 | *sʰeːns |
| 生 | *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs |
| 牲 | *sreŋ |
| 笙 | *sreŋ |
| 甥 | *sreŋ |
| 鉎 | *sreŋ, *sleːŋ |
| 珄 | *sreŋ |
| 鼪 | *sreŋ, *sreŋs |
| 猩 | *sreŋ, *seːŋ |
| 狌 | *sreŋ |
| 眚 | *sreŋʔ |
| 貹 | *sreŋs |
| 崝 | *zreːŋ |
| 精 | *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs |
| 菁 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 鶄 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 蜻 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 鼱 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 婧 | *ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ |
| 睛 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ |
| 箐 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 聙 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 旌 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 清 | *sʰleŋ |
| 圊 | *sʰleŋ |
| 請 | *sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 凊 | *sʰleŋs |
| 䝼 | *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 靚 | *zleŋs |
| 情 | *zleŋ |
| 晴 | *zleŋ |
| 夝 | *zleŋ |
| 靜 | *zleŋʔ |
| 靖 | *zleŋʔ |
| 睲 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 惺 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋ |
| 性 | *sleŋs |
| 姓 | *sleŋs |
| 靗 | *l̥ʰeŋs |
| 鯖 | *ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 青 | *sʰleːŋ |
| 靘 | *sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs |
| 掅 | *sʰleːŋs |
| 胜 | *sleːŋ |
| 曐 | *sleːŋ |
| 星 | *sleːŋ |
| 鮏 | *sleːŋ |
| 腥 | *seːŋ, *seːŋs |
| 鯹 | *seːŋ |
| 醒 | *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 篂 | *seːŋ |
Simplified from 曐 (xīng) (晶 (jīng) → 日), which is a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sleːŋ) : semantic 晶 (“twinkling stars”) + phonetic 生 (OC *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs).
Etymology 1
Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstructs the Old Chinese as *s-tsʰˤeŋ, which can be analysed as a verbal root *tsʰˤeŋ (“bright”) with a prefix *s-. This reconstruction accounts for the Min initial *tsh- and the use of the character to write the word 晴 (OC *N-tsʰeŋ).
Possibly related to 清 (OC *sʰleŋ, “clear”) (Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2014), in turn from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(t)s(j)aŋ (“clear; pure; clean”).
Proto-Kiranti *saŋ (“star”) either develops from a parallel Sino-Tibetan root (Schuessler, 2007) or derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kar (“star”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation
Definitions
星
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Five-pointed star shape
- star; planet; heavenly body (Classifier: 顆／颗 m; 粒 c mn)
- star-shaped object
- star; celebrity
- 明星 ― míngxīng ― bright star; celebrity
- weight marks on a steelyard
- a bit; a tiny bit
- tiny; minute
- whitish; white
- numerous and scattered everywhere; countless
- rapid; flying
- Synonym of 碰鈴／碰铃 (pènglíng).
- (dated or informal) Short for 星加坡 (Xīngjiāpō, “Singapore”).
- a surname: Xing
Synonyms
- (star):
Dialectal synonyms of 星星 (“star”) [map]
Compounds
Derived terms from 星
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Descendants
Pronunciation
Compounds
Japanese
Readings
Noun
星 • (hoshi)
- a star (luminous celestial body)
- Synonym: 恒星 (kōsei)
- a star (concave polygon with regular, pointy protrusions and indentations, especially used as a symbol to rate quality)
- (tarot) the Star
- (loosely) a celestial body
- Synonym: 天体 (tentai)
- (by extension of a star's movement) time, years
- (sumo) a round mark indicating a victory or defeat in a bout
- a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various representations of stars
- a star (actor in a leading role)
- an objective
- Synonym: 目星 (meboshi)
- a kagura song sung at the end of a 御神楽 (mikagura)
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:星.
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 星々 (hoshiboshi)
- 星明かり (hoshiakari)
- 星石 (hoshiishi)
- 星糸 (hoshiito)
- 星影 (hoshikage)
- 星糞 (hoshikuso)
- 星空 (hoshizora)
- 相星 (aiboshi)
- 明星 (akaboshi), 赤星 (akaboshi)
- 霰星 (arareboshi)
- 一番星 (ichibanboshi)
- 追星 (oiboshi)
- 織姫星 (Orihime-boshi)
- 勝ち星 (kachiboshi)
- 綺羅星 (kiraboshi)
- 金星 (kinboshi)
- 銀星 (ginboshi)
- 黒星 (kuroboshi)
- 白星 (shiraboshi)
- 白星 (shiroboshi)
- 図星 (zuboshi)
- 出来星 (dekiboshi)
- 七つ星 (nanatsuboshi)
- 糠星 (nukaboshi)
- 一つ星 (hitotsuboshi)
- 箒星 (hōkiboshi)
- 負け星 (makeboshi)
- 本星 (honboshi)
- 流れ星 (nagareboshi)
- 彦星 (Hikoboshi)
- 三つ星 (mitsuboshi)
- 目星 (meboshi)
- 夫婦星 (meotoboshi)
See also
- スター (sutā)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 星 |
| せい Grade: 2 |
| kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 星 (MC seŋ).
The Singapore sense derives from the pre-World War Two kanji spelling 星加坡 (modern kanji spelling 新加坡) as borrowed from Chinese, itself a transliteration of Malay Singapura.
Pronunciation
- Note: the pitch accent for the suffix is determined by the entire term.
Proper noun
星 • (Sei)
- one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions in the Chinese system of constellations
- Short for シンガポール (Shingapōru): Singapore
Suffix
星 • (-sei)
- (loosely, especially fiction) attached to names of planets
- 1996 February 20 [Feb 15 1988], Adachi, Mitsuru, “なにがなんだか 前編 [What’s What: First Chapter]”, in SHORT PROGRAM [SHORT PROGRAM], volume 1 (fiction), 25th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 256:
- ——あ、わたくしマキシムＡＧＦです。リプトン星からやってまいりました。地球の寒さにおどろいてます。どぞよろしく。
-
Derived terms
Affix
星 • (sei)
- star, celestial body, (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- passing of time
- star, celebrity
Derived terms
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 星 (MC seŋ).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 셔ᇰ (Yale: syèng) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 별〯 (Yale: pyěl) | 셔ᇰ (Yale: syèng) |
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰʌ̹ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [성]
Compounds
Old Japanese
Etymology
From Proto-Japonic *pəsi.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:星.
Descendants
- Japanese: 星 (hoshi)
Vietnamese
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