禁錮

See also: 禁锢

Chinese

		to prohibit; to forbid; endure	obstinate disease; restrain; to stop
trad. (禁錮)		禁	錮
simp. (禁锢)		禁	锢
alternative forms		禁固

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jìngù

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄍㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gam³ gu³
Min Nan (POJ): kìm-kò͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jìngù
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄍㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jìngù
  - Wade–Giles: chin⁴-ku⁴
  - Yale: jìn-gù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinnguh
  - Palladius: цзиньгу (czinʹgu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gam³ gu³
  - Yale: gam gu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gam³ gu³
  - Guangdong Romanization: gem³ gu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm³³ kuː³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kìm-kò͘
  - Tâi-lô: kìm-kòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiemkox
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kim²¹⁻⁵³ kɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kim⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kim²¹⁻⁵³ kɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kim¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔ²¹/

Verb

禁錮

to imprison
(literally, figuratively) to confine; to shackle
(archaic) to ban a person from government service

Synonyms

(to imprison):

囚困 (qiúkùn)
囚禁 (qiújìn)
拘押 (jūyā)
監押／监押 (jiānyā)

監禁／监禁 (jiānjìn)
軟禁／软禁 (ruǎnjìn)
關押／关押 (guānyā)

(to confine):

Synonyms of 禁錮

主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
克制 (kèzhì)
克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
君 (jūn) (literary)
局限 (júxiàn)
左右 (zuǒyòu)
把 (bǎ)
把持 (bǎchí)
把控 (bǎkòng)
抑制 (yìzhì)
抵制 (dǐzhì)
拘束 (jūshù)
按 (àn)
按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
掌握 (zhǎngwò)
控 (kòng) (literary, or in compounds)
控制 (kòngzhì)
提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
操控 (cāokòng)
支配 (zhīpèi)
束 (shù) (literary, or in compounds)
柄 (bǐng) (literary, or in compounds)
框 (kuàng)
管制 (guǎnzhì)

管束 (guǎnshù)
裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
限 (xiàn)
限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
限制 (xiànzhì)
主張／主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
制約／制约 (zhìyuē)
執掌／执掌 (zhízhǎng)
壓制／压制 (yāzhì)
撙節／撙节 (zǔnjié)
撥弄／拨弄 (bōnòng)
操縱／操纵 (cāozòng)
擺佈／摆布 (bǎibù)
擺治／摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
收斂／收敛 (shōuliǎn)
束縛／束缚 (shùfù)
積壓／积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
節制／节制 (jiézhì)
約束／约束 (yuēshù)
統御／统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
統治／统治 (tǒngzhì)
羈束／羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
鎮／镇 (zhèn)
駕馭／驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
禁	錮
きん Grade: 5	こ Grade: S
on’yomi

Alternative spellings
禁固禁こ

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きんこ [kíꜜǹkò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [kʲĩŋko̞]

Noun

禁(きん)錮(こ) • (kinko) ^{←きんこ (kinko)^?}

imprisonment without labor

Verb

禁(きん)錮(こ)する • (kinko suru) ^{←きんこ (kinko)^?}suru (stem 禁(きん)錮(こ)し (kinko shi), past 禁(きん)錮(こ)した (kinko shita))

to imprison without labor

Conjugation

Conjugation of "禁錮する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	禁錮し	きんこし	kinko shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	禁錮し	きんこし	kinko shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	禁錮する	きんこする	kinko suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	禁錮する	きんこする	kinko suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	禁錮すれ	きんこすれ	kinko sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	禁錮せよ¹ 禁錮しろ²	きんこせよ¹ きんこしろ²	kinko seyo¹ kinko shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	禁錮される	きんこされる	kinko sareru
Causative	禁錮させる禁錮さす	きんこさせるきんこさす	kinko saseru kinko sasu
Potential	禁錮できる	きんこできる	kinko dekiru
Volitional	禁錮しよう	きんこしよう	kinko shiyō
Negative	禁錮しない	きんこしない	kinko shinai
Negative continuative	禁錮せず	きんこせず	kinko sezu
Formal	禁錮します	きんこします	kinko shimasu
Perfective	禁錮した	きんこした	kinko shita
Conjunctive	禁錮して	きんこして	kinko shite
Hypothetical conditional	禁錮すれば	きんこすれば	kinko sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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