約束

See also: 约束

Chinese
 
appointment; agreement; to arrange
appointment; agreement; to arrange; to restrict; approximately; weigh
 
bunch; (a measure word); to bind
bunch; (a measure word); to bind; to control
trad. (約束) 約 束
simp. (约束) 约 束

Pronunciation

Verb

約束

  1. to restrict; to restrain
  2. (literary) to agree upon; to appoint; to settle on
  3. (archaic) to bind with a rope

Synonyms
  • (to restrict):
Synonyms of 約束

Derived terms

Noun

約束

  1. (mathematics) constraint
  2. (databases) constraint

References

Japanese
Kanji in this term
約 束
やく
Grade: 4		 そく
Grade: 4
goon

Alternative forms
  • (honorific) お約束(やくそく) (o-yakusoku)

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) やくそく [yàkúsókú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
  • IPA(key): [ja̠kɯ̟̊ᵝso̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

約(やく)束(そく) • (yakusoku) 

  1. a promise
    • 1987 February 20 [Aug 15 1985], Murakami, Motoka, “母(か)っちゃの剣(けん)道(どう)精(せい)神(しん)の巻(まき) [Ma’s Kendō Spirit]”, in 六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)の剣(けん) [Musashi’s Sword], volume 21 (fiction), 5th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 59:
      ………八(や)重(え)樫(がし)先(せん)生(せい)！まんず男(おとこ)と男(おとこ)の約(やく)束(そく)だあ！母(か)っちゃを大(たい)切(せつ)にしてけれ！
      ……… Yaegashi Sensei! manzu otoko to otoko no yakusoku dā! katcha o taisetsu ni shite kere!
      ……… Yaegashi Sensei! Promise me, man-to-man! Promise me you’ll take good care of my ma!
      六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)！
      Musashi!
      Musashi!
      ん！約(やく)束(そく)するよ六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)！
      N! Yakusoku suru yo Musashi!
      I will! I promise, Musashi!
  2. an appointment or social engagement (the meeting itself)
  3. a convention; something that is conventional
  4. something that is preordained
    お約束(やくそく)の展開(てんかい)
    o-yakusoku no tenkai
    the same tired plot progression
    1. trope (something recurring across a genre or type of art or literature)
      • 2021 June 17, insane, “映画・海外ドラマでおなじみ、「Trope」の意味とは？”, in 海外ドラマの中の英語‎ (blog):
        お約束(やくそく)を知(し)ってるでしょ？物語(ものがた)るときの定番(ていばん)よ
        O-yakusoku o shitteru desho? Monogataru toki no teiban yo
        You know the trope? In story-telling it’s a norm.

Verb

約(やく)束(そく)する • (yakusoku suru) suru (stem 約(やく)束(そく)し (yakusoku shi), past 約(やく)束(そく)した (yakusoku shita))

  1. to promise; to make a promise
    みんなで約束(やくそく)しよう！
    Minna de yakusoku shiyō!
    Let's all promise together!
    • 1987 February 20 [Aug 15 1985], Murakami, Motoka, “母(か)っちゃの剣(けん)道(どう)精(せい)神(しん)の巻(まき) [Ma’s Kendō Spirit]”, in 六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)の剣(けん) [Musashi’s Sword], volume 21 (fiction), 5th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 59:
      ………八(や)重(え)樫(がし)先(せん)生(せい)！まんず男(おとこ)と男(おとこ)の約(やく)束(そく)だあ！母(か)っちゃを大(たい)切(せつ)にしてけれ！
      ……… Yaegashi Sensei! manzu otoko to otoko no yakusoku dā! katcha o taisetsu ni shite kere!
      ……… Yaegashi Sensei! Promise me, man-to-man! Promise me you’ll take good care of my ma!
      六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)！
      Musashi!
      Musashi!
      ん！約(やく)束(そく)するよ六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)！
      N! Yakusoku suru yo Musashi!
      I will! I promise, Musashi!
    • 2005 July 7, Watsuki, Nobuhiro, “第(だい)65話(わ)　夜(よ)明(あ)けの墓(はか)場(ば) [Chapter 65: The Graveyard at Dawn]”, in 武(ブ)装(ソウ)錬(レン)金(キン) [Armed Alchemy], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 34:
      オレはこいつと決(けっ)着(ちゃく)をつけると約(やく)束(そく)した‼約(やく)束(そく)したんだ‼
      Ore wa koitsu to ketchaku o tsukeru to yakusoku shita‼ Yakusoku shitan da‼
      I promised to settle with him‼ I made a promise‼
  2. make an appointment or engagement
  3. be predestined, wait

Conjugation
Conjugation of "約束する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 約束し やくそくし yakusoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 約束し やくそくし yakusoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 約束する やくそくする yakusoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 約束する やくそくする yakusoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 約束すれ やくそくすれ yakusoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 約束せよ¹
約束しろ²		 やくそくせよ¹
やくそくしろ²		 yakusoku seyo¹
yakusoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 約束される やくそくされる yakusoku sareru
Causative 約束させる
約束さす		 やくそくさせる
やくそくさす		 yakusoku saseru
yakusoku sasu
Potential 約束できる やくそくできる yakusoku dekiru
Volitional 約束しよう やくそくしよう yakusoku shiyō
Negative 約束しない やくそくしない yakusoku shinai
Negative continuative 約束せず やくそくせず yakusoku sezu
Formal 約束します やくそくします yakusoku shimasu
Perfective 約束した やくそくした yakusoku shita
Conjunctive 約束して やくそくして yakusoku shite
Hypothetical conditional 約束すれば やくそくすれば yakusoku sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

See also

References
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
  1. 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
約束

Noun

約束 • (yaksok) (hangeul 약속)

  1. Hanja form? of 약속 (“promise”).
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