乞

乞 U+4E5E, 乞
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E5E
← 九
[U+4E5D]
CJK Unified Ideographs 也 →
[U+4E5F]

Translingual

Stroke order
3 strokes

Han character

乞 (Kangxi radical 5, 乙+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 人弓 (ON), four-corner 80717, composition ⿱𠂉乙)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 84, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 170
  • Dae Jaweon: page 170, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 50, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+4E5E

Chinese

Glyph origin

Variant of 气 (OC *kʰɯds), distinguished to indicate a phonetically borrowed meaning “to beg”.

Pronunciation 1

simp. and trad.
乞
alternative forms 气
𠧒


Note:
  • keg4 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai, Raoping;
  • kêg4 - Jieyang;
  • kig4 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 乞
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕʰji²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕʰiʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕʰai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰiʔ²¹/
Tunxi /kʰo⁵/
/t͡ɕʰi⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian
Taoyuan /kʰit̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hɐt̚⁵/
Nanning /hɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /hɐt̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kʰit̚³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kʰøyʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kʰi²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kʰɯk̚²/
/kʰiʔ²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /xit̚⁵/

Rime
Character 乞
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 欣 (58)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 去迄切
Baxter khj+t
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰɨt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰɨt̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰiət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰɨt̚/
Li
Rong
/kʰiət̚/
Wang
Li
/kʰĭət̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰi̯ət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hat1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 乞
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
qǐ
Middle
Chinese
‹ khjɨt ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.qʰət/
English beg, ask

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 乞
Reading # 2/2
No. 10082
Phonetic
component
乞
Rime
group
物
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰɯd/
Notes 氣的轉註字從乞與從氣同

Definitions

乞

  1. to beg
  2. to request
  3. a surname

Compounds

  • 乞憐搖尾/乞怜摇尾
  • 乞懇/乞恳
  • 乞漿得酒/乞浆得酒
  • 乞留惡濫/乞留恶滥
  • 乞窮儉相/乞穷俭相
  • 乞討/乞讨 (qǐtǎo)
  • 乞請/乞请
  • 乞貸/乞贷
  • 乞鄰/乞邻
  • 乞閒/乞闲 (qǐxián)
  • 乞靈/乞灵
  • 乞頭/乞头
  • 乞食飯牛/乞食饭牛
  • 乞養/乞养
  • 向火乞兒/向火乞儿
  • 啟乞/启乞
  • 搖尾乞憐/摇尾乞怜 (yáowěi qǐlián)
  • 死乞白賴/死乞白赖 (sǐqibáilài)
  • 窮腮乞臉/穷腮乞脸
  • 討乞/讨乞 (tǎoqǐ)

Pronunciation 2

simp. and trad.
乞
alternative forms 气
𠧒
去 Hokkien


Note:
  • kêh4 - Jieyang;
  • kih4 - Chaoyang.

Rime
Character 乞
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 微 (20)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 去旣切
Baxter khj+jH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰɨiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰɨiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰiəiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰɨjH/
Li
Rong
/kʰiəiH/
Wang
Li
/kʰĭəiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰe̯iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hei3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 乞
Reading # 1/2
No. 10073
Phonetic
component
乞
Rime
group
隊
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰɯds/
Notes 氣字注今體,集韻徑作乞(與)

Definitions

乞

  1. (obsolete or Min Dong, Teochew) to give
    乞汝一把筆 [Min Dong, trad.]
    乞汝一把笔 [Min Dong, simp.]
    ké̤ṳk nṳ̄ siŏh bā bék / [kʰøyʔ²⁴ nˡy³³ suoʔ⁵ pa³³ pɛiʔ²⁴] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
    [someone] gives you a pen
    伊乞我本書/伊乞我本书 [Teochew]  ―  i1 keh4 ua2 bung2 ze1 [Peng'im]  ―  he gave me a book
  2. (Min Dong; Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Teochew Min Nan) by
    乞人拍死 [Teochew]  ―  keh4 nang5 pah4 si2 [Peng'im]  ―  be beat to death by someone
  3. (Min Dong; Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Teochew Min Nan) Used before a verb to indicate passive voice.
    杯仔乞偷去 [Hokkien]  ―  poe-á khit thau khì [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  the cup has been stolen
Synonyms

References

Japanese

Kanji

乞

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. beg
  2. invite
  3. ask

Readings

“To give”:

Compounds

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 乞 (MC kʰɨt̚).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448크ᇙ〮 (Yale: khúlq)
Middle Korean
TextEumhun
Gloss (hun)Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527빌〯 (Yale: pǐl)걸〮 (Yale: kél)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 乞 (eumhun 빌 걸 (bil geol))

  1. Hanja form? of 걸 (“to beg”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

乞: Hán Nôm readings: khất, khắt, gật, khật

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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