劫

劫 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 土戈大尸 (GIKS) or X土戈大尸 (XGIKS), four-corner 4772₀, composition ⿰去力)

• KangXi: page 146, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2316
• Dae Jaweon: page 331, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 367, character 12
• Unihan data for U+52AB

Historical forms of the character 劫
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kab, *kab) : phonetic 去 (OC *kʰaʔ, *kʰas) + semantic 力 (“power, force”)

“(Buddhism) disaster”

Short for 劫波 (jiébō), from Sanskrit कल्प (kalpa).

劫

1. to coerce; to compel; to threaten
2. to rob; to plunder; to take by force
3. (Buddhism) Short for 劫波 (jiébō, “kalpa”).
   1. (hyperbolic) extremely long time
   2. (figurative, by extension) disaster; calamity; catastrophe

• (to coerce):

• (disaster):

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. intimidate
2. aeon, eon

• Go-on: こう (kō)^{←こふ (kofu, historical)}
• Kan-on: きょう (kyō)^{←けふ (kefu, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: ごう (gō)^{←ごふ (gofu, historical)}
• Kun: おびやかす (obiyakasu, 劫かす)

/kopu/ → /kofu/ → */kowu/ → /koː/

From Middle Chinese 劫 (MC kɨɐp̚), short form of 劫波 (MC kɨɐp̚ puɑ), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit कल्प (kalpa, “aeon”).

• (Tokyo) こ​ー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ː]

劫(こう) • (kō) ^{←こふ (kofu)?}

1. (Buddhism) kalpa: a unit of time in Buddhist cosmology

• 烏(い)賊(か)の甲(こう)より年(とし)の劫(こう) (ika no kō yori toshi no kō)
• 亀(かめ)の甲(こう)より年(とし)の劫(こう) (kame no kō yori toshi no kō)

• (Tokyo) こー [kòó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
• (Tokyo) こ​ー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ː]

劫(こう) • (kō) ^{←こふ (kofu)?}

1. (go) a position in which two alternating stones can be captured and recaptured indefinitely

/ɡopu/ → /ɡofu/ → */ɡowu/ → /ɡoː/

Possibly a shift from kō above. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

• (Tokyo) ご​ー [góꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɡo̞ː]

劫(ごう) • (gō) ^{←ごふ (gofu)?}

1. (Buddhism) kalpa: a unit of time in Buddhist cosmology

From Middle Chinese 劫 (MC kɨɐp̚). Recorded as Middle Korean 刼/겁〮 (kép) (Yale: kep) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Wikisource 劫 (eumhun 위협할 겁 (wihyeophal geop))

1. Hanja form^? of 겁 (“coerce; threaten”). [affix]
2. Hanja form^? of 겁 (“kalpa”). [noun]

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

劫: Hán Nôm readings: kiếp

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.