染指

Chinese

		to catch (a disease); dye	finger; to point; to direct finger; to point; to direct; to indicate
simp. and trad. (染指)		染	指

Etymology

楚人獻黿於鄭靈公。公子宋與子家將見，子公之食指動，以示子家，曰：‘他日我如此，必嘗異味。’……及食大夫黿，召子公而弗與也。子公怒，染指於鼎，嘗之而出。 [Classical Chinese, trad.][▼ expand/hide]

楚人献鼋于郑灵公。公子宋与子家将见，子公之食指动，以示子家，曰：‘他日我如此，必尝异味。’……及食大夫鼋，召子公而弗与也。子公怒，染指于鼎，尝之而出。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: Commentary of Zuo, circa 4^th century BCE

Chǔ rén xiàn yuán yú Zhènglínggōng. Gōngzǐ Sòng yǔ Zǐjiā jiāng jiàn, Zǐgōng zhī shízhǐ dòng, yǐ shì Zǐjiā, yuē: ‘Tārì wǒ rúcǐ, bì cháng yìwèi.’...... Jí shí dàfū yuán, zhào Zǐgōng ér fú yǔ yě. Zǐgōng nù, rǎn zhǐ yúdǐng, cháng zhī ér chū. [Pinyin]

(please add an English translation of this example)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): rǎnzhǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄢˇ ㄓˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jim⁵ zi²
Min Nan (POJ): jiám-cháiⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: rǎnzhǐ [Phonetic: ránzhǐ]
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄢˇ ㄓˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: raanjyy
  - IPA ^(key): /ʐän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jim⁵ zi²
  - Yale: yíhm jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jim⁵ dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: yim⁵ ji²
  - IPA ^(key): /jiːm¹³ t͡siː³⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiám-cháiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: jiám-tsáinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jiafmzvae
  - IPA (Xiamen): /d͡ʑiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sãɪ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /d͡ʑiam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sãɪ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sãɪ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /d͡ʑiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sãɪ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑiam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sãɪ⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: /ȵiᴇm^X|ȵiᴇm^H t͡ɕˠiɪ^X/▼

Rime
Character	染	染	指
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	日 (38)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	鹽 (153)	鹽 (153)	脂 (17)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	Chongniu III
Fanqie	而琰切	而豔切	職雉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiᴇm^X/	/ȵiᴇm^H/	/t͡ɕˠiɪ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɛm^X/	/ȵiɛm^H/	/t͡ɕᵚi^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjæm^X/	/ȵʑjæm^H/	/t͡ɕiɪ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵiam^X/	/ȵiam^H/	/cji^X/
Li Rong	/ȵiɛm^X/	/ȵiɛm^H/	/t͡ɕji^X/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭɛm^X/	/ȵʑĭɛm^H/	/t͡ɕi^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ɛm^X/	/ȵʑi̯ɛm^H/	/t͡ɕi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rǎn	ràn	zhǐ

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.n[a]mʔ mə.kijʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*njomʔ|njoms kjiʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	染	指
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rǎn	zhǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ nyem^X ›	‹ tsyij^X ›
Old Chinese	/*C.n[a]mʔ/	/*mə.kijʔ/
English	to dye	finger; point
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	染	染	指
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	10790	10791	17325
Phonetic component	染	染	旨
Rime group	談	談	脂
Rime subdivision	3	3	2
Corresponding MC rime	冉	染	旨
Old Chinese	/*njomʔ/	/*njoms/	/*kjiʔ/

Verb

染指

(literally) to dip a finger
to encroach on; to have a hand in
to meddle in; to interfere in

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