淒涼

See also: 凄凉

Chinese

	intense cold; mournful	cool; cold
trad. (淒涼/悽涼)	淒/悽	涼
simp. (凄凉)	凄	凉
alternative forms	凄涼凄凉悽凉

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qīliáng

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄌㄧㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cai¹ loeng⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhî-liòng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chhe-liâng / chhe-liông / chhi-liâng

(Teochew, Peng'im): ci¹ liang⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qīliáng
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄌㄧㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciliáng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi¹-liang²
  - Yale: chī-lyáng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiliang
  - Palladius: цилян (ciljan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cai¹ loeng⁴
  - Yale: chāi lèuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsai¹ loeng⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: cei¹ lêng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵ lœːŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhî-liòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: qi´ liongˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qi¹ liong²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕʰi²⁴ li̯oŋ¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhe-liâng
  - Tâi-lô: tshe-liâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zheliaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴⁻²² liaŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴⁻²² liaŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴⁻³³ liaŋ²³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰe³³ liaŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴⁻³³ liaŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhe-liông
  - Tâi-lô: tshe-liông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhelioong
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰe³³ liɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhi-liâng
  - Tâi-lô: tshi-liâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiliaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁻²² liaŋ¹³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ci¹ liang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshi liâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰi³³⁻²³ liaŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /t͡sʰei lɨɐŋ/

Rime
Character	淒	涼
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	七稽切	呂章切
Baxter	tshej	ljang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰei/	/lɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰei/	/liɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛi/	/liɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛj/	/lɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰei/	/liaŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰiei/	/lĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰiei/	/li̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qī	liáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cai¹	loeng⁴

Adjective

淒涼

bleak; desolate
miserable; forlorn

Synonyms

(bleak):

edit

冷僻 (lěngpì)
冷淡 (lěngdàn)
冷清 (lěngqīng)
冷落 (lěngluò)
清冷 (qīnglěng)

落寞 (luòmò)
青凊 (Min Nan)
荒涼／荒凉 (huāngliáng)
蒼涼／苍凉 (cāngliáng)
蕭條／萧条 (xiāotiáo)

(miserable):

edit

Synonyms of 淒涼

京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
刺心 (cìxīn)
哀切 (āiqiè)
哀怨 (āiyuàn)
哀戚 (āiqī) (literary)
哀痛 (āitòng)
心酸 (xīnsuān)
悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
悲哀 (bēi'āi)
悲戚 (bēiqī)
悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
悲痛 (bēitòng)
悲苦 (bēikǔ)
愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
沉痛 (chéntòng)
痛心 (tòngxīn)
酸心 (suānxīn)
青凊 (Min Nan)
黯然 (ànrán)
傷心／伤心 (shāngxīn)
傷悲／伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
傷感／伤感 (shānggǎn)
傷懷／伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
傷痛／伤痛 (shāngtòng)
傷神／伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
哀傷／哀伤 (āishāng)
哀悽／哀凄 (āiqī)
哀慟／哀恸 (āitòng)

悱惻／悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)
悲傷／悲伤 (bēishāng)
悲悽／悲凄 (bēiqī)
悲愴／悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
悲慘／悲惨 (bēicǎn)
悲慟／悲恸 (bēitòng)
悲涼／悲凉 (bēiliáng)
悽惶／凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
悽愴／凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
悽戚／凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
情傷／情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
惻然／恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
愀愴／愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
感傷／感伤 (gǎnshāng)
愴然／怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
慘／惨 (cǎn)
慘悽／惨凄 (cǎnqī)
慘淡／惨淡 (cǎndàn)
憂傷／忧伤 (yōushāng)
憂愁／忧愁 (yōuchóu)
憂戚／忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
憯懍／憯懔 (cǎnlǐn)
懤懤／㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
淒切／凄切 (qīqiè)
淒惻／凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
淒慘／凄惨 (qīcǎn)
淒楚／凄楚 (qīchǔ)
淒然／凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
蒼涼／苍凉 (cāngliáng)
難受／难受 (nánshòu)
難過／难过 (nánguò)

Derived terms

老公撥扇——淒涼／老公拨扇——凄凉

老婆跋落溪——淒涼／老婆跋落溪——凄凉

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
淒	涼

Adjective

淒涼

chữ Hán form of thê lương (“isolated, lonesome”).

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