豆

See also: 荳 and 묘
豆 U+8C46, 豆
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8C46
← 豅
[U+8C45]
CJK Unified Ideographs 豇 →
[U+8C47]
⾖ U+2F96, ⾖
KANGXI RADICAL BEAN
← ⾕
[U+2F95]
Kangxi Radicals ⾗ →
[U+2F97]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

豆 (Kangxi radical 151, 豆+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一口廿 (MRT), four-corner 10108, composition ⿱𠮛䒑)

  1. Kangxi radical #151, ⾖.

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 1191, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36245
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1654, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3565, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8C46

Chinese

simp. and trad.
豆
alternative forms 荳

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 豆
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – some kind of container. Borrowed phonetically for the plant name. Displaced Old Chinese 菽 (shū).

Etymology

Derived from 頭 (OC *doː), ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *du (“head”) (STEDT).

"Soybean > bean" is possibly the same word as "round vessel" (Unger, 1984)

Pronunciation


Note: dòur - bean-related senses.
Note:
  • dau6 - used in compounds;
  • dau6-2 - used as a standalone noun.
Note:
  • tāu - vernacular;
  • tiō/tō͘ - literary.
Note:
  • dao7 - “bean”;
  • dou6 - “food container”.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 豆
Mandarin Beijing /tou⁵¹/
Harbin /tou⁵³/
Tianjin /tou⁵³/
Jinan /tou²¹/
Qingdao /tou⁴²/
Zhengzhou /tou³¹²/
Xi'an /tou⁴⁴/
Xining /tɯ²¹³/
Yinchuan /təu¹³/
Lanzhou /tou¹³/
Ürümqi /tɤu²¹³/
Wuhan /təu³⁵/
Chengdu /təu¹³/
Guiyang /təu²¹³/
Kunming /təu²¹²/
Nanjing /təɯ⁴⁴/
Hefei /tɯ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /təu⁴⁵/
Pingyao /təu³⁵/
Hohhot /təu⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /dɤ²³/
Suzhou /dɤ³¹/
Hangzhou /dei¹³/
Wenzhou /dɤu²²/
Hui Shexian /tʰiu²²/
Tunxi /tʰiu¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /təu⁵⁵/
/təu¹¹/
Xiangtan /dəɯ²¹/
Gan Nanchang /tʰɛu²¹/
Hakka Meixian /tʰeu⁵³/
Taoyuan /tʰeu⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tɐu²²/
Nanning /tɐu²²/
Hong Kong /tɐu²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tɔ²²/
/tau²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tɑu²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /te⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /tau³¹/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdau²³/

Rime
Character 豆
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 侯 (137)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 田候切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/dəuH/
Pan
Wuyun
/dəuH/
Shao
Rongfen
/dəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dəwH/
Li
Rong
/duH/
Wang
Li
/dəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dòu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
dau6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 豆 豆
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dòu dòu
Middle
Chinese
‹ duwH › ‹ duwH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[N.t]ˁo-s/ /*[d]ˁok-s/
English bean vessel with a neck

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 豆
Reading # 1/1
No. 2466
Phonetic
component
豆
Rime
group
侯
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*doːs/

Definitions

豆

  1. pod-bearing plant or its seeds; bean; pea
    綠豆/绿豆  ―  lǜdòu  ―  mung bean
    蠶豆/蚕豆  ―  cándòu  ―  fava bean
    豌豆  ―  wāndòu  ―  pea
  2. bean-shaped object
    咖啡豆  ―  kāfēidòu  ―  coffee bean
  3. (historical) a kind of food container

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

豆

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. bean, legume

Readings

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
豆
まめ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) まめ​ [màméꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
  • IPA(key): [ma̠me̞]

Compounds

Noun

豆(まめ) • (mame) 

  1. the pulses
  2. a bean
  3. a pea
  4. a soybean

Idioms

  • 豆(まめ)を植(う)えて稗(ひえ)を得(え)る (mame o uete hie o eru, “to do something expecting good results, instead getting bad results”)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 豆 (MC dəuH).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 豆 (eumhun 콩 두 (kong du))

  1. Hanja form? of 두 (“bean”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

豆: Hán Nôm readings: đậu[1], dấu[2]

  1. chữ Hán form of đậu (“bean”).

Derived terms

References

  1. Trần (1999).
  2. Trần (2004).

Zhuang

Noun

豆

  1. Sawndip form of daeuh (“seaweed, algae”)

Adjective

豆

  1. Sawndip form of daeuh (“green (as seaweed or algae)”)
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