拘束

Chinese

		adhere; capture; restrain	bunch; (a measure word); to bind bunch; (a measure word); to bind; to control
simp. and trad. (拘束)		拘	束

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jūshù

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄕㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): keoi¹ cuk¹
Min Nan (POJ): ku-sok / khu-sok / khi-sok

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jūshù
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄕㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyushù
  - Wade–Giles: chü¹-shu⁴
  - Yale: jyū-shù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiushuh
  - Palladius: цзюйшу (czjujšu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: keoi¹ cuk¹
  - Yale: kēui chūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: koey¹ tsuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: kêu¹ cug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɵy̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ku-sok
  - Tâi-lô: ku-sok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kusog
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ku³³ sɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ku⁴⁴⁻²² sɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khu-sok
  - Tâi-lô: khu-sok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qusog
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰu⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khi-sok
  - Tâi-lô: khi-sok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qisog
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰi⁴⁴⁻²² sɔk̚³²/

Verb

拘束

to constrain

Synonyms

Synonyms of 拘束

主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
克制 (kèzhì)
克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
君 (jūn) (literary)
局限 (júxiàn)
左右 (zuǒyòu)
把 (bǎ)
把持 (bǎchí)
把控 (bǎkòng)
抑制 (yìzhì)
抵制 (dǐzhì)
按 (àn)
按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
掌握 (zhǎngwò)
控 (kòng) (literary, or in compounds)
控制 (kòngzhì)
提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
操控 (cāokòng)
支配 (zhīpèi)
束 (shù) (literary, or in compounds)
柄 (bǐng) (literary, or in compounds)
框 (kuàng)
管制 (guǎnzhì)
管束 (guǎnshù)

裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
限 (xiàn)
限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
限制 (xiànzhì)
主張／主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
制約／制约 (zhìyuē)
執掌／执掌 (zhízhǎng)
壓制／压制 (yāzhì)
撙節／撙节 (zǔnjié)
撥弄／拨弄 (bōnòng)
操縱／操纵 (cāozòng)
擺佈／摆布 (bǎibù)
擺治／摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
收斂／收敛 (shōuliǎn)
束縛／束缚 (shùfù)
禁錮／禁锢 (jìngù) (figurative)
積壓／积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
節制／节制 (jiézhì)
約束／约束 (yuēshù)
統御／统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
統治／统治 (tǒngzhì)
羈束／羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
鎮／镇 (zhèn)
駕馭／驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)

Adjective

拘束

constrained; ill at ease

Synonyms

侷促 (júcù)
矜持 (jīnchí)

拘謹／拘谨 (jūjǐn)

Antonyms

自在 (zìzài)
超逸 (chāoyì)

瀟灑／潇洒 (xiāosǎ)
灑脫／洒脱 (sǎtuō)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
拘	束
こう Grade: S	そく Grade: 4
on’yomi

Noun

拘(こう)束(そく) • (kōsoku)

restriction; restraint

Verb

拘(こう)束(そく)する • (kōsoku suru) suru (stem 拘(こう)束(そく)し (kōsoku shi), past 拘(こう)束(そく)した (kōsoku shita))

restrict; restrain; (law enforcement) detain
警察(けいさつ)は容疑者(ようぎしゃ)を拘束(こうそく)した。
Keisatsu wa yōgisha o kōsoku shita.
The police detained the suspect.

事情(じじょう)の変化(へんか)を見(み)た今日(こんにち)では、我々(われわれ)は従来(じゅうらい)の方針(ほうしん)には拘束(こうそく)されない。
Jijō no henka o mita konnichi de wa, wareware wa jūrai no hōshin ni wa kōsoku sarenai.
Under today's altered situation we are not bound by our past policies.

正(ただ)しい法律(ほうりつ)は決(けっ)して善人(ぜんにん)の自由(じゆう)を拘束(こうそく)しない。
Tadashii hōritsu wa kesshite zennin no jiyū o kōsoku shinai.
Just laws are no restraint upon the freedom of the good.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "拘束する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	拘束し	こうそくし	kōsoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	拘束し	こうそくし	kōsoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	拘束する	こうそくする	kōsoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	拘束する	こうそくする	kōsoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	拘束すれ	こうそくすれ	kōsoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	拘束せよ¹ 拘束しろ²	こうそくせよ¹ こうそくしろ²	kōsoku seyo¹ kōsoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	拘束される	こうそくされる	kōsoku sareru
Causative	拘束させる拘束さす	こうそくさせるこうそくさす	kōsoku saseru kōsoku sasu
Potential	拘束できる	こうそくできる	kōsoku dekiru
Volitional	拘束しよう	こうそくしよう	kōsoku shiyō
Negative	拘束しない	こうそくしない	kōsoku shinai
Negative continuative	拘束せず	こうそくせず	kōsoku sezu
Formal	拘束します	こうそくします	kōsoku shimasu
Perfective	拘束した	こうそくした	kōsoku shita
Conjunctive	拘束して	こうそくして	kōsoku shite
Hypothetical conditional	拘束すれば	こうそくすれば	kōsoku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

See also

逮捕(たいほ) (taiho): arrest

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