聖

See also: 圣
聖 U+8056, 聖
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8056
← 聕
[U+8055] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 聗 →
[U+8057]

Translingual

Han character

聖 (Kangxi radical 128, 耳+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 尸口竹土 (SRHG), four-corner 16104, composition ⿱𦔻𡈼)

Derived characters
  • 𠏄, 𪢎, 𪬮, 𬉊, 檉, 𬂒, 蟶, 𧬼, 𨭰

References
  • KangXi: page 967, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29074
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1415, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2789, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8056

Chinese
trad. 聖
simp. 圣*
alternative forms
 
琞
𠄵 ancient
𦕡 ancient
䎴
垩
琞
𠄵 ancient
𦕡 ancient
䎴
垩
圣
𦔻
𡑺
𨲚
𨲢
𤦨

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (聖) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
檉 *l̥ʰeŋ
蟶 *l̥ʰeŋ
聖 *hljeŋs
聽 *l̥ʰeːŋ, *l̥ʰeːŋs
廳 *l̥ʰeːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hljeŋs) : semantic 耳 (“ear”) + phonetic 呈 (OC *rleŋ, *l'eŋs). Compare 聽.

Etymology

Likely related to 聽 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋ, “to hear; to listen”), 聲 (OC *qʰjeŋ, “sound”) (Boltz, 1994). If derived directly from 聲 (OC *qʰjeŋ, “sound”), it would literally mean “to be renowned; someone who is renowned” (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • séng - literary;
  • siáng - vernacular (“propitious; efficacious”).
Note:
  • sèng - literary;
  • siàⁿ - vernacular.
Note: sêng3 - only used in 聖杯 and 聖珓.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: shen4
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ʂən⁴⁵/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /sən⁴⁵/
Rime
Character 聖
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 清 (121)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 式正切
Baxter syengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɕiᴇŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɕiɛŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɕiæŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɕiajŋH/
Li
Rong		 /ɕiɛŋH/
Wang
Li		 /ɕĭɛŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɕi̯ɛŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shèng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 sing3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 聖
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shèng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ syengH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥eŋ-s/
English sage (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 聖
Reading # 1/1
No. 11391
Phonetic
component		 聖
Rime
group		 耕
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 聖
Old
Chinese		 /*hljeŋs/
Notes 甲金文象人張耳對口會耳聰意，
非呈聲

Definitions

聖

  1. noble
  2. holy; sacred
  3. saint; sage
  4. (specifically) Confucius
  5. master; professional
  6. emperor; king
  7. (honorific) form of address for the respected
  8. (Min Dong) propitious; efficacious; favouring; (of a god) able to protect

Compounds
Derived terms from 聖

Japanese
Shinjitai 聖
Kyūjitai
[1][2]
聖󠄁
聖+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
聖󠄃
聖+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
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Kanji
聖

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. holy, sacred

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1

Compound of 日 (hi, “day, light, the sun”) +‎ 知り (shiri, “knowing”). The shiri changes to jiri due to rendaku (連濁).

Noun

聖(ひじり) • (hijiri) 

  1. a very virtuous or godly person; a saint
  2. (honorific) the emperor
  3. a sage
  4. an expert; someone distinguished in their field
  5. a virtuous or high-ranking Buddhist priest or monk
  6. a Buddhist priest or monk in general
  7. a monk who has gone into seclusion for purposes of asceticism and spiritual enlightenment
  8. a monk who has adopted an itinerant lifestyle for purposes of asceticism and spiritual enlightenment, supporting themselves by gathering alms and food contributions; by extension, an itinerant preacher monk from Mount Kōya
  9. (euphemistic) alternate name for 清酒 (seishu, “refined sake”)
  10. a textile peddler (from the resemblance to itinerant 高野聖 (Kōya hijiri) Buddhist preachers who would carry everything on their backs)
Synonyms

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 聖 (MC ɕiᴇŋH).

Adjective

聖(せい) • (sei) †-nari

  1. holy, sacred

Noun

聖(せい) • (sei) 

  1. a saint; a holy person
  2. holiness, sacredness
  3. (euphemistic) alternate name for 清酒 (seishu, “refined sake”)

Affix

聖(せい) • (sei) 

  1. (Brazil) Short for 聖州 (“São Paulo (a state of Brazil)”). or Short for 聖市 (“São Paulo (a municipality, the state capital of São Paulo, Brazil)”).

Etymology 3

Phono-semantic matching of English saint, from Latin sanctus.

Prefix

聖(せい) • (sei-) 

  1. (Catholicism) prefix added to the names of saints

Etymology 4

Jukujikun.

Proper noun

聖(たかし) • (Takashi) 

  1. a male given name

Etymology 5

Jukujikun.

Proper noun

聖(さとし) • (Satoshi) 

  1. a male given name

References
  1. 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 980 (paper), page 503 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)
  2. 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1731 (paper), page 917 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

Korean

Hanja

聖 (eumhun 성스러울 성 (seongseureoul seong))

  1. Hanja form? of 성 (“holy, saint, sacred”).

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

聖: Hán Việt readings: thánh
聖: Nôm readings: thánh

Adjective

聖

  1. chữ Hán form of thánh (“holy, saint, sacred”).

Noun

聖

  1. chữ Hán form of thánh (“saint”).

References
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