擋

See also: 挡

擋	U+64CB, 擋 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-64CB

← 擊
[U+64CA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

擌 →
[U+64CC]

Translingual

Han character

擋 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 手火月田 (QFBW), four-corner 5906₆, composition ⿰扌當)

References

KangXi: page 458, character 11

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12802

Dae Jaweon: page 807, character 2

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1968, character 3

Unihan data for U+64CB

Chinese

trad.		擋
simp.		挡
alternative forms		攩／挡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (尚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
當	taːŋ, taːŋs
襠	*taːŋ
鐺	taːŋ, sʰraːŋ
簹	*taːŋ
璫	*taːŋ
檔	taːŋ, taːŋs
儅	taːŋ, taːŋs
蟷	*taːŋ
擋	taːŋʔ, taːŋs
黨	taːŋʔ, tʰaːŋʔ
讜	*taːŋʔ
欓	*taːŋʔ
譡	*taːŋs
闣	*taːŋs
瓽	*taːŋs
鏜	*tʰaːŋ
闛	tʰaːŋ, daːŋ
鼞	*tʰaːŋ
曭	*tʰaːŋʔ
儻	tʰaːŋʔ, tʰaːŋs
戃	*tʰaːŋʔ
矘	*tʰaːŋʔ
爣	*tʰaːŋʔ
攩	hl'aːŋʔ, ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs
淌	*tʰaːŋʔ
倘	*tʰaːŋʔ
躺	*tʰaːŋʔ
趟	tʰaːŋs, rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs
堂	*daːŋ
坣	*daːŋ
棠	*daːŋ
糛	*daːŋ
螳	*daːŋ
隚	*daːŋ
橖	*daːŋ
掌	*tjaŋʔ
廠	tʰjaŋʔ, tʰjaŋs
敞	*tʰjaŋʔ
僘	*tʰjaŋʔ
氅	*tʰjaŋʔ
常	*djaŋ
嘗	*djaŋ
裳	*djaŋ
徜	*djaŋ
尚	djaŋ, djaŋs
甞	*djaŋ
鋿	*djaŋ
嫦	*djaŋ
償	djaŋ, djaŋs
賞	*hjaŋʔ
瞠	*rtʰaːŋ
撐	*rtʰaːŋ
樘	*rtʰaːŋ
橕	*rtʰaːŋ
牚	*rtʰaːŋs
埫	*tʰoŋʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *taːŋʔ, *taːŋs) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 當 (OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs).

Etymology

From 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to have the value of; to be equal of; to face; vis-à-vis; to match”) and originally written as 當 (Wang, 1982).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dǎng, dàng (dang³, dang⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄤˇ, ㄉㄤˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dong², dong³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ong², dong²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): tóng

(Meixian, Guangdong): dong³
Min Dong (BUC): dáung / dōng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tóng / tòng

(Teochew, Peng'im): dang³ / deng³
Wu (Wiktionary): ²taan

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dǎng
  - Wade–Giles: tang³
  - Yale: dǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daang
  - Palladius: дан (dan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, literary)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dàng
  - Wade–Giles: tang⁴
  - Yale: dàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: danq
  - Palladius: дан (dan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑŋ⁵¹/

Note: dàng - only used in 摒擋 and 搭擋.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dong², dong³
  - Yale: dóng, dong
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dong², dong³
  - Guangdong Romanization: dong², dong³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔːŋ³⁵/, /tɔːŋ³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ong², dong²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔŋ⁵⁵/, /tɔŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

ong2 - “to block”;
dong2 - “gear”.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tóng
  - Hakka Romanization System: dong`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: dong³
  - Sinological IPA: /toŋ³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: dong³
  - Sinological IPA: /tɔŋ³¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dáung / dōng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑuŋ²¹³/, /touŋ³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tóng
  - Tâi-lô: tóng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dorng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tòng
  - Tâi-lô: tòng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doxng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tɔŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ²¹/

Note:

tóng - literary;
tòng - vernacular (俗).

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dang³ / deng³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tàng / tṳ̀ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taŋ²¹³/, /tɯŋ²¹³/

Note:

dang3 - literary;
deng3 - vernacular (only used in 摒擋).

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ²taan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑ̃³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /tɑŋ^H/

Rime
Character	擋
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	丁浪切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tɑŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/tɑŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/tɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/taŋ^H/
Li Rong	/tɑŋ^H/
Wang Li	/tɑŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/tɑŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dong³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*taːŋʔ/, /*taːŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	擋	擋
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	11112	11118
Phonetic component	尚	尚
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	黨	譡
Old Chinese	/*taːŋʔ/	/*taːŋs/
Notes	當分化字或作攩

Definitions

擋

to block; to obstruct
擋住去路／挡住去路 ― dǎng zhù qùlù ― to block the way

搵嘢擋住啲雨 [Cantonese, trad.]
揾嘢挡住啲雨 [Cantonese, simp.]
wan² je⁵ dong² zyu⁶ di¹ jyu⁵ [Jyutping]
find something to protect oneself from (lit. block off) the rain
- 玄德苦擋，雲長不依，只領五百校刀手而去。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  玄德苦挡，云长不依，只领五百校刀手而去。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14^th century CE
  Xuándé kǔ dǎng, Yúncháng bù yī, zhǐ lǐng wǔbǎi jiàodāoshǒu ér qù. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this example)
to hide from view; to cover; to obscure
(automotive) gear
二擋／二挡 ― èrdǎng ― second gear

手動擋／手动挡 ― shǒudòngdǎng ― manual transmission

跳擋／跳挡 ― tiàodǎng ― to pop out of gear; to skip a gear when shifting

Synonyms

(to block):

edit

Synonyms of 擋

不通 (bùtōng)
堵塞 (dǔsè)
堵截 (dǔjié)
堵窒 (Min Nan)
截 (jié)
梗塞 (gěngsè)
蔽塞 (bìsè) (literary)
蔽障 (bìzhàng)
遮 (zhē) (literary, or in compounds)
阻住 (Cantonese)
阻塞 (zǔsè)
阻窒 (Min Nan)

妨礙／妨碍 (fáng'ài)
徑杈／径杈 (Hakka)
掛礙／挂碍 (guà'ài)
擋住／挡住 (dǎngzhù)
攔／拦 (lán)
攔住／拦住 (lánzhù)
攔截／拦截 (lánjié)
攔擋／拦挡 (lándǎng)
攔閘／拦闸 (Min Nan)
攔阻／拦阻 (lánzǔ)
有礙／有碍 (yǒu'ài)

滯滯／滞滞 (Min Nan)
滯礙／滞碍 (zhì'ài)
礙噠／碍哒 (Xiang)
窒礙／窒碍 (zhì'ài) (literary)
閉塞／闭塞 (bìsè)
阻撓／阻挠 (zǔnáo)
阻擋／阻挡 (zǔdǎng)
阻攔／阻拦 (zǔlán)
阻滯／阻滞 (zǔzhì)
阻礙／阻碍 (zǔ'ài)
障礙／障碍 (zhàng'ài)

(to hide from view):

edit

掩 (yǎn)
掩蔽 (yǎnbì) (usually military)
蒙上 (méngshàng)

蔽障 (bìzhàng)
被覆 (bèifù)
遮蔽 (zhēbì)

障蔽 (zhàngbì)
遮蓋／遮盖 (zhēgài)

Antonyms

(to block):

edit

放行 (fàngxíng)

通行 (tōngxíng)

暢通／畅通 (chàngtōng)

Compounds

單擋／单挡
大擋手的／大挡手的
抵擋／抵挡 (dǐdǎng)
排擋／排挡 (páidǎng)
擋一水／挡一水
擋不住／挡不住
擋人牌／挡人牌
擋住／挡住 (dǎngzhù)
擋修／挡修
擋口／挡口
擋土牆／挡土墙

擋子／挡子
擋手／挡手
擋搶／挡抢
擋橫兒／挡横儿
擋油牆／挡油墙
擋禦／挡御
擋箭牌／挡箭牌 (dǎngjiànpái)
擋路／挡路 (dǎnglù)
擋雨／挡雨 (dǎngyǔ)
擋頭陣／挡头阵

擋風／挡风 (dǎngfēng)
擋風玻璃／挡风玻璃 (dǎngfēng bōli)
擋駕／挡驾 (dǎngjià)
攔擋／拦挡 (lándǎng)
橫攔豎擋／横拦竖挡
跳擋／跳挡
這個擋口／这个挡口
遮擋／遮挡 (zhēdǎng)
遮風擋雨／遮风挡雨 (zhēfēngdǎngyǔ)
阻擋／阻挡 (zǔdǎng)

Japanese

Kanji

擋

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
Kan-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
Kun: さける (sakeru, 擋ける)

Vietnamese

Han character

擋: Hán Nôm readings: đương, đáng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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