當

See also: 当
當 U+7576, 當
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7576
← 畵
[U+7575]
CJK Unified Ideographs 畷 →
[U+7577]

Translingual

Japanese 当
Simplified 当
Traditional 當

Han character

當 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 火月口田 (FBRW), four-corner 90606, composition ⿱𫩠田)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 764, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21890
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1175, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2546, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+7576

Chinese

trad. 當
simp. 当*

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 當
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs) : phonetic 尚 (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) + semantic 田 (“field”) – fields facing each other.

Etymology

當 (OC *taːŋs, “right; suitable; ought to”) (pronunciation 2) is the exopassive derivation of 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to have the value of; to be equal of; to face; vis-à-vis”) (pronunciation 1), literally "what is being matched".

黨 (OC *taːŋʔ, “class; party”) is the endoactive derivation of 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to be equal of”), literally "that which is equal in rank" (Schuessler, 2007).

擋 (OC *taːŋʔ, *taːŋs, “to block; to obstruct”) is a derivative and was originally also written as 當 (Wang, 1982).

Perhaps cognate with Tibetan དང (dang, “(together) with; and”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • tng/tang/taⁿ - vernacular;
  • tong - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 當
Mandarin Beijing /tɑŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /taŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /tɑŋ²¹/ ~時
Jinan /taŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /taŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /taŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /taŋ²¹/
Xining /tɔ̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tɑŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /tɑ̃³¹/
Ürümqi /tɑŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /taŋ⁵⁵/
Chengdu /taŋ⁵⁵/
Guiyang /taŋ⁵⁵/
Kunming /tã̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /taŋ³¹/
Hefei /tɑ̃²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /tɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /tɑŋ¹³/
/tuə¹³/
Hohhot /tɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /tɑ̃⁵³/
Suzhou /tɑ̃⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /tɑŋ³³/
Wenzhou /tuɔ³³/
Hui Shexian /ta³¹/
Tunxi /tau¹¹/ 該~
Xiang Changsha /tan³³/
Xiangtan /tɔn⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /tɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /toŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /toŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tɔŋ⁵³/
Nanning /tɔŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /tɔŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tɔŋ⁵⁵/
/tŋ̍⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /touŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tɔŋ⁵⁴/ 動
Shantou (Min Nan) /taŋ³³/
/tɯŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdaŋ²³/
/ʔdo²³/

Rime
Character 當
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都郎切
Baxter tang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/tɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/tɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/taŋ/
Li
Rong
/tɑŋ/
Wang
Li
/tɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dāng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
dong1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 當
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dāng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tang ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁaŋ/
English match (v.); have the value of, rank with

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 當
Reading # 1/2
No. 11104
Phonetic
component
尚
Rime
group
陽
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
當
Old
Chinese
/*taːŋ/

Definitions

當

  1. to face; to turn towards
    當面/当面  ―  dāngmiàn  ―  face-to-face
    當著眾人的面訓斥孩子 [MSC, trad.]
    当着众人的面训斥孩子 [MSC, simp.]
    dāng zhe zhòngrén de miàn xùnchì háizi [Pinyin]
    to scold one's child in front of everyone
  2. to bear; to withstand; to resist
    不敢當/不敢当  ―  bùgǎn dāng  ―  I really don't deserve this.
    當之無愧/当之无愧  ―  dāngzhīwúkuì  ―  to merit the reward; to be deserving
  3. to undertake; to manage; to take charge of
    當權/当权  ―  dāngquán  ―  to hold power
  4. to work as; to serve as
    讓我來當你的助手吧。 [MSC, trad.]
    让我来当你的助手吧。 [MSC, simp.]
    Ràng wǒ lái dāng nǐ de zhùshǒu ba. [Pinyin]
    Let me be your assistant.
  5. to match equally; to equal; to be equal to
    門當戶對/门当户对  ―  méndānghùduì  ―  to be well-matched in terms of socio-economic status (for purposes of marriage)
  6. just; just at (a time or place); at or in the very same
    當天/当天  ―  dāngtiān  ―  that day
    當場/当场  ―  dāngchǎng  ―  on the spot
    當我五歲時,我的母親突然得病身亡。 [MSC, trad.]
    当我五岁时,我的母亲突然得病身亡。 [MSC, simp.]
    Dāng wǒ wǔ suì shí, wǒ de mǔqīn tūrán débìng shēnwáng. [Pinyin]
    When I was five, my mother suddenly fell ill and died.
  7. to meet; to happen to
  8. (literary) still; to be
  9. to regard something/someone as; to think; to treat something/someone as
  10. (literary) to make a judgement; to sentence
  11. ought; should
  12. gap; space; break
  13. a surname
Synonyms
  • (still): 尚 (shàng), 還/还 (huán)
  • (ought to):
Descendants
  • → Vietnamese: đang (“present tense marker”)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2


Note:
  • tǹg/tàng - vernacular;
  • tòng - literary.
Note:
  • deng3 - vernacular;
  • dang3 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 當
Mandarin Beijing /tɑŋ⁵¹/
Harbin
Tianjin /tɑŋ⁵³/ 上~
Jinan
Qingdao
Zhengzhou
Xi'an
Xining
Yinchuan
Lanzhou
Ürümqi
Wuhan
Chengdu
Guiyang
Kunming
Nanjing
Hefei
Jin Taiyuan
Pingyao
Hohhot
Wu Shanghai
Suzhou
Hangzhou
Wenzhou
Hui Shexian
Tunxi /tau⁴²/ ~鋪
Xiang Changsha
Xiangtan
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou
Nanning
Hong Kong
Min Xiamen (Min Nan)
Fuzhou (Min Dong)
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tɔŋ³³/ 上~
Shantou (Min Nan)
Haikou (Min Nan)

Rime
Character 當
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 丁浪切
Baxter tangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/tɑŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/tɑŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/taŋH/
Li
Rong
/tɑŋH/
Wang
Li
/tɑŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tɑŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
dong3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 當
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dàng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tangH ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁaŋ-s/
English suitable

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 當
Reading # 2/2
No. 11122
Phonetic
component
尚
Rime
group
陽
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
譡
Old
Chinese
/*taːŋs/

Definitions

當

  1. to match; to be equal to
  2. (obsolete) to lead; to manage
  3. proper; suitable; adequate; fitting; appropriate
    恰當/恰当  ―  qiàdāng  ―  appropriate
  4. to regard as; to consider as; to treat as
    把寵物當自己的孩子養 [MSC, trad.]
    把宠物当自己的孩子养 [MSC, simp.]
    bǎ chǒngwù dàng zìjǐ de háizǐ yǎng [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this example)
  5. to think
    你真當我不知道麼? [MSC, trad.]
    你真当我不知道么? [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ zhēn dàng wǒ bù zhīdào me? [Pinyin]
    You really think I don't know?
  6. to pawn; to put in pawn
    當了手錶/当了手表  ―  dàng le shǒubiǎo  ―  to have pawned a watch
  7. pawn; something pawned
  8. pawnshop (often used in names of pawnshops)
  9. trick; fraud; deception
    上當/上当  ―  shàngdāng  ―  to be taken in
Descendants

Compounds

Pronunciation 3


Definitions

當

  1. Alternative form of 擋/挡 (dǎng, “to block; to obstruct”).
    螳臂當車/螳臂当车  ―  tángbìdāngchē  ―  to overrate oneself and try to hold back an overwhelming force

Compounds

  • 調當/调当
  • 賭當/赌当

Pronunciation 4



Rime
Character 當
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 丁浪切
Baxter tangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/tɑŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/tɑŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/taŋH/
Li
Rong
/tɑŋH/
Wang
Li
/tɑŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tɑŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
dong3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 當
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dàng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tangH ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁaŋ-s/
English suitable

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 當
Reading # 2/2
No. 11122
Phonetic
component
尚
Rime
group
陽
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
譡
Old
Chinese
/*taːŋs/

Definitions

當

  1. the same (day etc.)
    當天/当天  ―  dàngtiān  ―  that very day

Pronunciation 5



Rime
Character 當
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 丁浪切
Baxter tangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/tɑŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/tɑŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/taŋH/
Li
Rong
/tɑŋH/
Wang
Li
/tɑŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tɑŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
dong3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 當
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dàng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tangH ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁaŋ-s/
English suitable

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 當
Reading # 2/2
No. 11122
Phonetic
component
尚
Rime
group
陽
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
譡
Old
Chinese
/*taːŋs/

Definitions

當

  1. to take sides

Pronunciation 6


Definitions

當

  1. Alternative form of 噹/当 (dāng, “clang; clank; ding-dong”).

Pronunciation 7


Definitions

當

  1. A meaningless suffix.

References

Japanese

Shinjitai

当

Kyūjitai

當

Kanji

當

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 当)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 当

Readings

Korean

Hanja

當 (eumhun 마땅할 당 (mattanghal dang))

  1. Hanja form? of 당 (“appropriate”).

Vietnamese

Han character

當: Hán Nôm readings: đương, đáng, đang

  1. chữ Hán form of đang (“currently; just; now”).
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