牆

See also: 墙 and 墻
牆 U+7246, 牆
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7246
← 牅
[U+7245]
CJK Unified Ideographs 片 →
[U+7247]

Translingual

Han character

牆 (Kangxi radical 90, 爿+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 女一土人田 (VMGOW), four-corner 24261, composition ⿰爿嗇)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 692, character 29
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19806
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1105, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2378, character 22
  • Unihan data for U+7246

Chinese

trad. 牆/墻
simp. 墙
2nd round simp. 垟

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 牆
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zaŋ) : phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 嗇 (“wheat in a granary”).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation


Note:
  • chhiûⁿ/chhiôⁿ/chhiâuⁿ - vernacular;
  • chhiông/chhiâng - literary.
Note:
  • ciên5 - Chaozhou;
  • cion5 - Shantou.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: zian2
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /t͡siæn¹³/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /t͡ɕiæn¹³/

Rime
Character 牆
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 在良切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡zɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ziɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ziɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡zɨaŋ/
Li
Rong
/d͡ziaŋ/
Wang
Li
/d͡zĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/d͡zʱi̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qiáng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
coeng4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 牆
Reading # 1/1
No. 10302
Phonetic
component
爿
Rime
group
陽
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
牆
Old
Chinese
/*zaŋ/

Definitions

牆

  1. wall (Classifier: 面 m; 堵 m mn; 埲 c; 幅 c)
    城牆/城墙  ―  chéngqiáng  ―  city wall
    石牆/石墙  ―  shíqiáng  ―  stone wall
    高牆/高墙  ―  gāoqiáng  ―  high wall
    翻牆/翻墙  ―  fānqiáng  ―  to scale a wall
    柏林牆/柏林墙  ―  Bǎilínqiáng  ―  Berlin Wall
    牆上有張地圖。/墙上有张地图。  ―  Qiáng shàng yǒu zhāng dìtú.  ―  There is a map on the wall.
  2. (Mainland China, Internet slang) Great Firewall
    翻牆/翻墙  ―  fānqiáng  ―  to circumvent the Great Firewall
    兩會期間牆高了,我的節點失效了。 [MSC, trad.]
    两会期间墙高了,我的节点失效了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Liǎnghuì qījiān qiáng gāo le, wǒ de jiédiǎn shīxiào le. [Pinyin]
    The Greate Firewall becomes higher during the Two Sessions. My proxy is not working.
  3. (Mainland China, Internet slang, usually passive) (the Great Firewall) to censor; to block (a website)
    AO3被牆了。/AO3被墙了。  ―  AO3 bèi qiáng le.  ―  AO3 is blocked by the Great Firewall.

Synonyms

  • (wall):

Compounds

Descendants

  • → Zhuang: ciengz

References

Japanese

Kanji

牆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

牆 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

牆: Hán Nôm readings: tường

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

  • Nôm: tường

References

  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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