貧
See also: 贫
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Translingual
Han character
貧 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 金尸竹金 (CSHC), four-corner 80806, composition ⿱分貝)
References
- KangXi: page 1205, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36677
- Dae Jaweon: page 1667, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3628, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8CA7
Chinese
| trad. | 貧 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 贫 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 貧 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (分) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 扮 | *prɯːns, *hmroːlʔ, *pɯn, *pɯnʔ |
| 盼 | *pʰrɯːns |
| 頒 | *praːn, *bɯn |
| 朌 | *praːn, *bɯn |
| 鳻 | *praːn, *bɯn |
| 份 | *prɯn, *bɯns |
| 汃 | *pʰreːd, *prɯn |
| 玢 | *prɯn |
| 邠 | *prɯn |
| 攽 | *prɯn |
| 砏 | *prɯn, *pʰrɯn, *pʰɯn |
| 貧 | *brɯn |
| 湓 | *pʰɯːns, *bɯːn, *pʰɯns |
| 盆 | *bɯːn |
| 葐 | *bɯːn, *bɯn, *bɯn |
| 坌 | *bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns |
| 坋 | *bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns |
| 分 | *pɯn, *bɯns |
| 吩 | *pɯn |
| 粉 | *pɯnʔ |
| 黺 | *pɯnʔ |
| 芬 | *pʰɯn |
| 紛 | *pʰɯn |
| 衯 | *pʰɯn |
| 棻 | *pʰɯn, *bɯn |
| 氛 | *pʰɯn, *bɯn |
| 雰 | *pʰɯn |
| 忿 | *pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯnʔ |
| 魵 | *pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯn, *bɯnʔ |
| 汾 | *bɯn |
| 羒 | *bɯn |
| 枌 | *bɯn |
| 棼 | *bɯn |
| 妢 | *bɯn |
| 梤 | *bɯn |
| 馚 | *bɯn |
| 鼢 | *bɯn, *bɯnʔ |
| 蚡 | *bɯn, *bɯnʔ |
| 弅 | *bɯnʔ |
| 秎 | *bɯns |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 分 (“divide”) + 貝 (“money”) - to divide one's money.
Also phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *brɯn) : phonetic 分 (OC *pɯn, *bɯns) + semantic 貝.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-b(u/i)l (“poor”); cognate with Tibetan དབུལ (dbul, “poor”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2014).
Pronunciation
Definitions
貧
- poor; impoverished; destitute
- 出自北門，憂心殷殷。終窶且貧，莫知我艱。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Chū zì běimén, yōuxīn yīnyīn. Zhōng jù qiě pín, mò zhī wǒ jiān. [Pinyin]
- I go out at the north gate, with my heart full of sorrow. Straitened am I and poor, and no one takes knowledge of my distress.
出自北门，忧心殷殷。终窭且贫，莫知我艰。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- inadequate; insufficient; lacking
- garrulous; talkative
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 貧窮 (“poor; impoverished; poverty-striken”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 貧, 窮 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 窮, 貧窮, 窮困, 貧困, 赤貧, 貧乏, 貧苦, 貧寒, 苦寒 | |
| Mandarin | Taiwan | 窮, 貧窮 |
| Yantai (Muping) | 窮 | |
| Luoyang | 窮 | |
| Wanrong | 窮 | |
| Xi'an | 窮 | |
| Yinchuan | 窮 | |
| Chengdu | 苦寒 | |
| Nanjing | 窮 | |
| Singapore | 窮, 貧窮, 窮苦 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 窮 |
| Hong Kong | 窮 | |
| Taishan | 窮 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 窮 |
| Pingxiang | 窮 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 窮 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 窮 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 窮無 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 窮 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 宋凶, 㾪赤, 窮㾪, 窮赤 |
| Quanzhou | 宋凶, 窮赤 | |
| Hui'an | 窮赤 | |
| Zhangzhou | 宋凶, 散, 散赤 | |
| Tainan | 散, 散赤, 散食, 散凶, 窮赤, 窮散, 窮苦 | |
| Shantou | 窮, 磽 | |
| Jieyang | 窮, 磽 | |
| Leizhou | 窮, 蒯 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 窮 |
| Danyang | 窮 | |
| Hangzhou | 窮 | |
| Jinhua | 倒灶 | |
Compounds
Derived terms from 貧
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Japanese
Korean
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