貧

See also: 贫
貧 U+8CA7, 貧
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CA7
← 貦
[U+8CA6]
CJK Unified Ideographs 貨 →
[U+8CA8]

Translingual

Han character

貧 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 金尸竹金 (CSHC), four-corner 80806, composition ⿱分貝)

References

  • KangXi: page 1205, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36677
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1667, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3628, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8CA7

Chinese

trad. 貧
simp. 贫

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 貧
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 分 (“divide”) + 貝 (“money”) - to divide one's money.

Also phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *brɯn) : phonetic 分 (OC *pɯn, *bɯns) + semantic 貝.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-b(u/i)l (“poor”); cognate with Tibetan དབུལ (dbul, “poor”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2014).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • Quanzhou:
    • pîn - literary;
    • pân - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 貧
Mandarin Beijing /pʰin³⁵/
Harbin /pʰin²⁴/
Tianjin /pʰin⁴⁵/
Jinan /pʰiẽ⁴²/
Qingdao /pʰiə̃⁴²/
Zhengzhou /pʰin⁴²/
Xi'an /pʰiẽ²⁴/
Xining /pʰiə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /pʰiŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /pʰĩn⁵³/
Ürümqi /pʰiŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /pʰin²¹³/
Chengdu /pʰin³¹/
Guiyang /pʰin²¹/
Kunming /pʰĩ³¹/
Nanjing /pʰin²⁴/
Hefei /pʰin⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /pʰiəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /pʰiŋ¹³/
Hohhot /pʰĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /biŋ²³/
Suzhou /bin¹³/
Hangzhou /bin²¹³/
Wenzhou /beŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /pʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /pʰin⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /pin¹³/
Xiangtan /bin¹²/
Gan Nanchang /pʰin⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /pʰin¹¹/
Taoyuan /pʰin¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pʰɐn²¹/
Nanning /pʰɐn²¹/
Hong Kong /pʰɐn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /pin³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /piŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /peiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /pʰiŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /fin³¹/
/kiaŋ³¹/ 訓窮

Rime
Character 貧
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 眞 (44)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 符巾切
Baxter bin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/bˠiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun
/bᵚin/
Shao
Rongfen
/bien/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/bjin/
Li
Rong
/bjĕn/
Wang
Li
/bǐĕn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/bʱi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
pín
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
pan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 貧
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
pín
Middle
Chinese
‹ bin ›
Old
Chinese
/*[b]rə[n]/
English poor

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 貧
Reading # 1/1
No. 3140
Phonetic
component
分
Rime
group
文
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
貧
Old
Chinese
/*brɯn/

Definitions

貧

  1. poor; impoverished; destitute
  2. inadequate; insufficient; lacking
  3. garrulous; talkative

Synonyms

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

貧

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. poverty

Readings

Korean

Hanja

貧 (eumhun 가난할 빈 (gananhal bin))

  1. Hanja form? of 빈 (“poverty”).

Compounds

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