破
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han character
破 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一口木竹水 (MRDHE), four-corner 14647, composition ⿰石皮)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 829, character 28
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24124
- Dae Jaweon: page 1244, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2426, character 3
- Unihan data for U+7834
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
破 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (皮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 陂 | *pral, *prals |
| 詖 | *pral, *prals |
| 彼 | *pralʔ |
| 柀 | *pralʔ |
| 佊 | *pralʔ, *prals |
| 貱 | *prals |
| 跛 | *prals, *paːlʔ |
| 披 | *pʰral, *pʰralʔ |
| 鈹 | *pʰral |
| 帔 | *pʰral, *pʰrals |
| 鮍 | *pʰral |
| 耚 | *pʰral |
| 狓 | *pʰral |
| 翍 | *pʰral |
| 旇 | *pʰral, *brals |
| 秛 | *pʰral, *pʰrals |
| 紴 | *pʰralʔ, *paːl |
| 皮 | *bral |
| 疲 | *bral |
| 被 | *bralʔ, *brals |
| 髲 | *brals |
| 鞁 | *brals |
| 骳 | *mbralʔ |
| 波 | *paːl |
| 碆 | *paːl, *baːl |
| 菠 | *paːl |
| 簸 | *paːlʔ, *paːls |
| 駊 | *paːlʔ, *pʰaːlʔ |
| 頗 | *pʰaːl, *pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls |
| 坡 | *pʰaːl |
| 玻 | *pʰaːl |
| 破 | *pʰaːls |
| 婆 | *baːl |
| 蔢 | *baːl |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *pʰaːls) : semantic 石 + phonetic 皮 (OC *bral).
Etymology
According to Schuessler (2007), cognate with Burmese ဖဲ့ (hpai., “to break off a small piece”), Dimasa bai (“break”), Mizo peh (peʔ, “to break; be broken”). However, STEDT derives the above three terms from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *(p/b)aj (“to break out; to break off; to hatch”) and does not compare 破 (OC *pʰaːls) to it.
Pronunciation
Definitions
破
- to break; to tear
- to break; to break with; to smash
- to ruin; to destroy
- to rout; to drive out; to drive away; to banish
- to remove; to clear; to eliminate; to dispel
- to spend; to expend
- to cleave (with a tool or hands); to cut open; to split open
- to expose; to lay bare; to show up
- to break a banknote into small change
- broken; worn out; damaged
- (colloquial) low-quality; poor; lousy
- (slang) to handle; to deal with; to do
Synonyms
- (to smash):
- (to ruin):
Synonyms of 破
- (to rout):
- (to remove):
Synonyms of 破
- (to spend): 耗費／耗费 (hàofèi), 花費／花费 (huāfèi), 開銷／开销 (kāixiāo), 開支／开支 (kāizhī), (polite) 破費／破费 (pòfèi), 消費／消费 (xiāofèi), (Min Nan) 開舉／开举, (Min Nan) 開用／开用, (Min Nan) 開使用／开使用
- (to cleave): 劈開／劈开 (pīkāi)
- (to expose):
Synonyms of 破
- (broken):
Synonyms of 破
- (low-quality):
Synonyms of 破
Compounds
Derived terms from 破
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Descendants
- → Thai: ผ่า (pàa)
References
- “Entry #6400”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
- 破魔 (hama): exorcism
- 破戒 (hakai): breaking a commandment
- 破獄 (hagoku): a jailbreak
- 破産 (hasan): bankruptcy
- 破壊 (hakai): destruction
- 破格 (hakaku): exceptional
- 破棄 (haki): discard
- 破局 (hakyoku): catastrophe
- 破砕 (hasai): crushing
- 破算 (hasan): a fresh start
- 破傷風 (hashōfū): tetanus
- 破船 (hasen): shipwreck
- 破損 (hason): damage
- 破綻 (hatan): bankruptcy
- 破談 (hadan): break off
- 破天荒 (hatenkō): unprecedented
- 破風 (hafu): gable
- 破屋 (haoku): a dilapidated house, especially an abandoned one
- 破屋 (yabureya): a tumbledown or squalid house
- 破瓜 (haka): a sixteen-year-old girl; the breaking of a hymen through sexual intercourse
- 破滅 (hametsu): destruction
- 破門 (hamon): excommunication
- 破約 (hayaku): cancellation or breaking of a contract
- 破裂 (haretsu): explosion
- 破廉恥 (harenchi): shameless, scandalous, disgraceful
- 破城槌 (hajōtsui): a battering ram
Korean
Hanja
破 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a, Yale pha)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
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