未

未 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 十木 (JD), four-corner 5090₀, composition ⿻一木)

• 朱, 耒, 来, 佅, 味, 妹, 怽, 抺, 沬, 昧, 㭑, 𪸙, 祙, 𤽜, 眛, 𥞊, 𧙕, 跊, 魅, 鮇 (𱇛), 䵢
• 𣭐, 䙿, 𣚺, 㖝, 𣠖, 𣠕, 苿, 𠃥, 𠩺, 㲠, 㹈, 寐, 𥧌, 膥

• KangXi: page 509, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14419
• Dae Jaweon: page 890, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1150, character 1
• Unihan data for U+672A

Historical forms of the character 未
Shang		Western Zhou		Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script

Pictogram (象形) – a tree with two layers of branches, or a tree's top branches not yet at full growth, signifying not grown (yet)

"not yet"

Pulleyblank (1995), apud Schuessler (2007), proposes that this word results from a fusion of negative root *m- with perfective particle 既 (jì, “already”).

"eighth earthly branch"

Smith (2011) proposes that 未 (OC *mɯds) denoted the waxing moon's "impending stage" before full moon. 未 (OC *mɯds)'s early sense might be "tip" > "on the tipping point" if it could be connected to 末 (OC *maːd, “tip”), which is similar graphically and phonologically; though what morphological mechanism which can associate them two is unclear.

As for its association with the goat, Ferlus (2013) notes there is good correspondence with Austronesian Atayal miːts (“lamb”); also compare Lao ມົດ (mot, “year of the lamb”).

未

1. to have not; not yet

   未來／未来  ―  wèilái  ―  future [lit. have not come]

   我未睇本書。／我未睇本书。 [Cantonese]  ―  ngo⁵ mei⁶ tai² bun² syu¹. [Jyutping]  ―  I have not read the book.

2. not
3. ^† Alternative form of 味 (wèi).
4. (Cantonese, Min) used at the end of questions to ask if one has done something yet

   食飽未？／食饱未？ [Cantonese]  ―  sik⁶ baau² mei⁶? [Jyutping]  ―  Are you full yet?

   你買咗未先？／你买咗未先？ [Cantonese]  ―  nei⁵ maai⁵ zo² mei⁶ sin¹? [Jyutping]  ―  First off, have you even bought it yet?

5. eighth of twelve earthly branches
6. lamb (羊) of Chinese zodiac

• (not yet): 還沒／还没 (háiméi), 仍未 (réngwèi); (literary) 尚未 (shàngwèi); (Cantonese) 仲未, 並未／并未 (bìngwèi); (Hakka) 吂曾, 吂識／吂识; (Min Nan) 猶未／犹未; (Wu) 朆
• (not):

• (earthly branches) 地支 (dìzhī); 子, 丑 (chǒu), 寅 (yín), 卯 (mǎo), 辰 (chén), 巳 (sì), 午 (wǔ), 未 (wèi), 申 (shēn), 酉 (yǒu), 戌, 亥 (hài)

Others:

• → Vietnamese: Mùi

• “Entry #1663”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

• Go-on: み (mi, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: び (bi)
• Kun: いまだ (imada, 未だ); まだ (mada, 未だ); ひつじ (hitsuji, 未)

From 羊 (hitsuji, “sheep”).

• (Tokyo) ひつじ [hìtsújí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [çi̥t͡sɨᵝʑi]

• Homophone: 羊

未(ひつじ) • (Hitsuji) 

1. the Sheep, the eighth of the twelve Earthly Branches

From Middle Chinese 未 (mjɨj^H).

未(み) • (mi-) 

1. un-; in- (not yet)

未(み) • (Mi) 

1. the Sheep, the eighth of the twelve Earthly Branches

From Middle Chinese 未 (MC mʉiH).

• (in 미안 (未安, mian)):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [mi]
  • Phonetic hangul: [미]
• (not; un-; etc.):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [mi(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [미(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Wikisource 未 (eumhun 아닐 미 (anil mi))

1. Hanja form^? of 미 (“not; un-; in- (not yet)”).
2. Hanja form^? of 미 (“to have not; not yet”).

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

未: Hán Nôm readings: mùi, vị

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